Pinus spp. Somatic Embryo Conversion under High Temperature: Effect on the Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Plantlets

Nascimento, Antonia Maiara Marques do; Barroso, Priscila Alves; Nascimento, Naysa Flávia Ferreira do; Goicoa, T.; Ugarte, M. D.; Montalbán, Itziar A.; Moncaleán, Paloma

doi:10.3390/f11111181

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Priming using higher temperatures (up to 60 • C) improved somatic embryos production and altered amino acid [34] and CK profiles [35] of embryogenic masses (EMs), while regenerated plants showed differential patterns of gene expression and hormone content [36,37]. Similar experiments were carried out with Aleppo pine [38,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Priming Maritime Pine Megagametophytes during Somatic Embryogenesis Improved Plant Adaptation to Heat Stress

Pérez-Oliver

Haro

Pavlović

et al. 2021

Plants

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In the context of global climate change, forest tree research should be addressed to provide genotypes with increased resilience to high temperature events. These improved plants can be obtained by heat priming during somatic embryogenesis (SE), which would produce an epigenetic-mediated transgenerational memory. Thereby, we applied 37 °C or 50 °C to maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) megagametophytes and the obtained embryogenic masses went through the subsequent SE phases to produce plants that were further subjected to heat stress conditions. A putative transcription factor WRKY11 was upregulated in priming-derived embryonal masses, and also in the regenerated P37 and P50 plants, suggesting its role in establishing an epigenetic memory in this plant species. In vitro-grown P50 plants also showed higher cytokinin content and SOD upregulation, which points to a better responsiveness to heat stress. Heat exposure of two-year-old maritime pine plants induced upregulation of HSP70 in those derived from primed embryogenic masses, that also showed better osmotic adjustment and higher increases in chlorophyll, soluble sugars and starch contents. Moreover, ɸPSII of P50 plants was less affected by heat exposure. Thus, our results suggest that priming at 50 °C at the SE induction phase is a promising strategy to improve heat resilience in maritime pine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Thus, in maritime pine, increasing temperature from 23 to 28 • C during SE resulted in higher embryo yields [27]. In radiata pine, priming at high temperatures (>60 • C), applied at the induction or at maturation stages, produced variable germination responses and alterations in both morphology and stress responses [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming Maritime Pine Megagametophytes during Somatic Embryogenesis Improved Plant Adaptation to Heat Stress

Pérez-Oliver

Haro

Pavlović

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Previous studies carried out in our laboratory have demonstrated that P. radiata and P. halepensis showed different responses to abiotic stress such as drought and high temperature (do Nascimento et al, 2020). Also, in previous experiments, we have focused on the optimization of somatic embryogenesis (SE) processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets

Nascimento¹,

Polesi

Back

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Changes in the chemical environment at the maturation stage in Pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis will be a determinant factor in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Furthermore, the study of biochemical and morphological aspects of the somatic embryos could enable the improvement of somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. In the present work, the influence of different amino acid combinations, carbohydrate sources, and concentrations at the maturation stage of Pinus radiata D. Don and Pinus halepensis Mill. was analyzed. In P. radiata, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of sucrose and an increase in the amino acid mixture (1,100 mgL–1 of L-glutamine, 1,050 mgL–1 of L-asparagine, 350 mgL–1 of L-arginine, and 35 mgL–1 of L-proline) promoted bigger embryos, with a larger stem diameter and an increase in the number of roots in the germinated somatic embryos, improving the acclimatization success of this species. In P. halepensis, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of maltose improved the germination of somatic embryos. The increase in the amount of amino acids in the maturation medium increased the levels of putrescine in the germinated somatic embryos of P. halepensis. We detected significant differences in the amounts of polyamines between somatic plantlets of P. radiata and P. halepensis; putrescine was less abundant in both species. For the first time, in P. radiata and P. halepensis somatic embryogenesis, we detected the presence of cadaverine, and its concentration changed according to the species.

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“…Mazri et al [29] has suggested that for successful conversions to plantlets, it was essential for somatic embryos to first go through a maturation period which enables the embryos to reach physiological maturity. Further, in cases where 2,4-D was used to induce SE, the embryo maturation period should be conducted on supportive media containing activated charcoal to absorb any remaining 2,4-D. e auxin 2,4-D has been found to actively inhibit embryo conversion and plantlet recovery [29,30]. Contrary to the behavior of SE regenerates, plantlets regenerated via direct organogenesis grew vigorously strong, readily rooted, and could be subcultured several times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis in Zimbabwean Sweet Potato (cv Brondal)

Masekesa

Gasura

Kujeke

et al. 2021

Advances in Agriculture

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Somatic embryogenesis (SE) and organogenesis are crucial in the development of disease free plants and genetic engineering. An investigation was conducted on the ability of treatments containing a combination of 2,4-D and Kinetin to induce either SE or organogenesis from cultured sweet potato cv Brondal leaves. Ten treatments were evaluated and each treatment had an exclusive combination of 2,4-D (at 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 or 1 mg/L) to kinetin (at either 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L). Callus initiation occurred earlier in treatments containing higher hormonal concentrations. The 2,4-D to Kinetin ratio had a highly significant ( p = 0.001 ) effect on callus growth and proliferation. Increasing 2,4-D to Kinetin ratio promoted profuse explant callusing while increasing Kinetin to 2,4-D ratio suppressed callusing but encouraged organogenesis, in particular shoot production (treatment containing 0.05 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L Kinetin). Embryogenic calli were formed seven weeks after leaf culture in the treatment containing 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/L Kinetin. The embryogenic calli that developed from this treatment emerged from previously nonembryogenic calli. Plantlets produced via the SE pathway proved to be weak and unviable and died within four weeks of germination. In contrast, plantlets produced under organogenesis were strong, grew vigorously, and could be subcultured several times. This disparity may be accounted for by the fact that the cv Brondal embryos that developed under SE were not exposed to an embryo maturation staged before plantlet germination was initiated. The maturation stage would have assisted embryos to reach physiological maturity and a desired level of desiccation, both being critical elements in embryo to plantlet conversion. In this experiment, cv Brondal regeneration from leaf explants was successfully achieved via organogenesis using 0.05 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L Kinetin, and tentative steps towards development of SE based regeneration protocol were established using 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/L Kinetin.

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Pinus spp. Somatic Embryo Conversion under High Temperature: Effect on the Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Plantlets

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Priming Maritime Pine Megagametophytes during Somatic Embryogenesis Improved Plant Adaptation to Heat Stress

Priming Maritime Pine Megagametophytes during Somatic Embryogenesis Improved Plant Adaptation to Heat Stress

The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets

Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis in Zimbabwean Sweet Potato (cv Brondal)

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