Piston Aviation Fuel Initiative (PAFI) – A Review

Kumar, Thanikasalam; Rahmat, M. F.; Fahmi, A G Mohammad; Zulkifli, A M; Shawal, N Noor; Ilanchelvi, K; Ananth, M; Elayarasan, R

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/370/1/012010

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Aviation Gasoline (AVGAS) standards are a fundamental part of the safety of piston-engine aircraft. Approximately 230,000 aircraft worldwide rely on the AVGAS 100 low-lead (100LL) in their operations [28]. Avgas, with grades 100 and 100LL, has an octane rating of 100 and is the most widely used.…”

Section: History Of Avgasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1982, an experiment was carried out to fly a Cessna 150-type aircraft to reduce the use of Avgas fuel [23]. Then, in order to continue the search for unleaded avgas fuel, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) appointed the Piston Aircraft Fuel Initiative (PAFI) as an organization that focuses on finding alternative aircraft fuels without the use of lead as an additive which is currently used in 100 LL Avgas [24]. Meanwhile, for its application in aviation, the FAA permits piston engine aircraft users to use mogas as a mixture of avgas fuel but must first go through approval of the supplement type certificate (STC) issued by the FAA [25] It is done solely to reduce the use of lead in 100 LL avgas fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advancements and Challenges in the Search for Lead-Free Aviation Fuel: A Review

Nasrullah,

Kustanto,

Darsin

et al. 2024

ICANEAT

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The quest for lead-free aviation fuel has spurred advances in technology and environmental sustainability. This article presents a concise overview of aviation fuel evolution, primarily focusing on the search for alternatives to traditional-led Aviation Gasoline (AVGAS). Since the inaugural flight by the Wright brothers in 1903, avgas became integral to piston-engine aircraft, albeit with environmental concerns due to its lead content. Consequently, extensive research has pursued cleaner fuel options to mitigate lead emissions' environmental and health hazards. Numerous studies have explored potential substitutes for avgas, including mogas, alcohol-based additives, and fuel blends, aiming to maintain aircraft performance while reducing or eliminating lead content. Recent investigations have assessed the effects of different fuel processes on aircraft performance and emissions. High-octane mogas (RON 98) has emerged as a promising alternative to replace leaded avgas, showcasing its potential as a viable solution. Despite progress, further research is essential. Pursuing cleaner aviation fuel requires balancing performance optimization and environmental sustainability. Continued exploration and experimentation are crucial to identifying optimal solutions meeting aviation standards while ensuring a safer, greener future for air travel

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Section: History Of Avgasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements and Challenges in the Search for Lead-Free Aviation Fuel: A Review

Nasrullah,

Kustanto,

Darsin

et al. 2024

ICANEAT

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“…1 For B-92 grade, the standard for the indicator "performance number" is not less than 100; it is determined at the stage of production preparation and is guaranteed by the production technology. 2 Aviation gasoline with a MON of at least 99.5 and a performance number of at least 130 may contain blue dye. 3 Determined only when an antistatic additive is used.…”

Section: An Overview Of Components Used In the Production Of Aviation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To ensure reliable, uninterrupted engine operation, aviation gasoline must have high chemical and phase stability, optimum vaporizability, high detonation resistance, and compatibility with fuel system materials [1]. Aviation gasoline is distinct from automotive gasoline due to its enhanced antiknock properties, which are traditionally achieved using tetraethyl lead (TEL) [2]. For jet fuel, the structural characteristics of a turbojet engine require the fuel to have a high energy density, high temperature oxidation stability, and high combustion efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Global Market, Fleet, and Components in the Field of Aviation Gasoline

Ershov,

Klimov,

Savelenko

et al. 2023

Aerospace

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Aviation gasoline is a fuel for spark-ignition piston internal combustion engines, which are usually used in light aircraft (small aviation and general aviation). This technique is widely used for regional and interregional transportation, for the initial training and retraining of aviation staff, for private use, for agricultural purposes, for the development of aviation sports and tourism, and for combat and rescue operations. This article gives some estimates of the production and consumption of aviation gasoline in the EU, North and South America, Asia–Pacific, Africa, and CIS countries. Export possibilities and the reliance on import within different regions are analyzed. Economic indicators for aviation gasoline are calculated by assessing the share of its production in the GDP and per capita consumption. In the context of the transition to unleaded aviation gasoline, the structure of the piston aviation fleet and its readiness for the transition are considered. The paper also analyzes the following existing components of unleaded aviation gasoline: technical capabilities and promising components.

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“…Kumar et al (2018) conducted a review of leaded aviation gasoline and detailed described some formed aviation fuels, tested on aircraft under control the authority (FAA and ESA) such as MOGAS, 82UL, Hjelmco Oil 91/96, Swift fuels 100, G100Ul and AGE 85. Also, Thanikasalam et al (2018aThanikasalam et al ( , 2018b) conducted a review on emissions of piston-engine aircraft using avgas as fuel and mogas as fuel. The basic life cycle of lead (cradle to grave) is important to determine environmental effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead emissions from the use of leaded avgas in Turkey

Altuntaş

2020

AEAT

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Purpose This study aims to present the impact of using leaded avgas in piston-prop aircraft, in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach Increasing air traffic directly increases the total amount of consumed aviation fuels (kerosene or avgas). The number of aircraft and traffic that will increase soon will further increase fuel consumption. For this reason, aircraft power generation methods (long term) must be changed or the fuel must be improved (short term). The avgas used in piston-prop aircraft is known to contain lead and as a result, the production or consumption of avgas has adverse effects on human health, the ecosystem quality and resources. Findings The overall human health impact, ecosystem quality impact and resource impact in Turkey were determined to be 2.83 disability-adjusted life years, 1.21 × 10−04 species.yr and $138, respectively. According to the results, although the normalized total effect of Turkey was calculated as 208.18 nkg, 43.89% of the total was observed in the Marmara region. Originality/value The originality is the use of real-time values for all calculations. For the purpose of showing the most impacted or damaged regions in Turkey via a life cycle analysis, a new definition, the normalized total effect in nkg, is defined in this study.

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Piston Aviation Fuel Initiative (PAFI) – A Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Advancements and Challenges in the Search for Lead-Free Aviation Fuel: A Review

Advancements and Challenges in the Search for Lead-Free Aviation Fuel: A Review

An Overview of the Global Market, Fleet, and Components in the Field of Aviation Gasoline

Lead emissions from the use of leaded avgas in Turkey

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