Pituitary and Testicular Function in Sons of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from Infancy to Adulthood

Recabarren, Sergio E; Sir-Petermann, Teresa; Ríos, Rafael; Maliqueo, Manuel; Echiburú, Bárbara; Smith, Rosita; Rojas-García, Pedro; Recabarren, Mónica P; Rey, Rodolfo

doi:10.1210/jc.2008-0255

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It seems that prenatal excess androgen may lead to reduction of testosterone level after puberty. However in human studies, the serum concentration of testosterone in boys born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome was not significantly different from the offspring of healthy women [25], results not in agreement with ours; this difference could be explained by the fact that these boys were exposed to androgen excess throughout their fetal life, whereas in our study fetuses were exposed to exogenous androgen only during a specific period of their fetal life.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…One study of sheep supported the negative effect of prenatal exposure to androgen excess on the quality and quantity of sperm after puberty [1]. Significant reduction of sperm count and fertility was observed in men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, exposed to high amounts of androgens during their fetal life [29,30]; however it was not reported in boys born from mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [25]. Although men exposed to high androgens during the fetal life, have different presentations after puberty, possibly explained by different types of androgens resulting from the mentioned early [25,29,30], another reason is because the placenta converts the androgen to estrogen via aromatase enzyme [1] probably, in sons of women with polycystic ovary syndrome the amount of androgen metabolized by placenta, while the male fetus with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, fetus is exposed to androgen, directly, during fetal life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prenatal Testosterone Exposure Worsen the Reproductive Performance of Male Rat at Adulthood

et al. 2013

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The reproductive system is extremely susceptible to environmental insults, for example exogenous steroids during gestational development and differentiation. Experimental induction of androgen excess during prenatal life in female animal models reprograms their reproductive physiology, however the fetal programming of the male reproductive system by androgen excess has not been well studied. We aimed to determine the effect of prenatal exposure of two different doses of testosterone on different gestational days, on the male reproductive system using a rat model. Sixteen pregnant rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups and two control groups. Experimental group І were subcutaneously injected with 3 mg free testosterone on gestational days 16-19 and its controls received solvent for that time; experimental group П were subcutaneously injected with 20 mg free testosterone on day 20 of gestational period and its controls received solvent at the same time. The reproductive system morphology and function of 32 male offspring of these study groups were compared at days 6-30-60 of age and after puberty. The anogenital distance of the male offspring of both experimental groups had no significant differences on the different days of measurement, compared with controls. In the offspring of experimental group І, the testes weight, number of Sertoli, Spermatocyte and Spermatid cells, sperm count and motility and the serum concentration of testosterone after puberty were significantly decreased; except for reduction of sperm motility (p< 0.01), the other effects were not observed in the offspring of experimental group ІІ. In summary, our data show that prenatal exposure of male rat fetuses to excess testosterone disrupted reproductive function, an effect highly dependent on the time, duration and level of exposure. It seems that the reproductive system in individuals exposed to high levels of androgens during fetal life should be evaluated at puberty and likely to be treated.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Testosterone Exposure Worsen the Reproductive Performance of Male Rat at Adulthood

et al. 2013

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“…Clearly, such studies would provide more detailed information on the neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion (44) and a direct assessment of spermatogenesis in male PCOS relatives, respectively. It is noteworthy that no differences in sperm parameters were found by Chilean investigators (8) in adult sons of women with PCOS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Increased antimüllerian hormone levels and other reproductive endocrine changes in adult male relatives of women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Torchen

Kumar

Kalra

et al. 2016

Fertility and Sterility

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Objective To investigate for differences in reproductive hormone levels in male relatives of women with PCOS. Design Cross-sectional study Setting Academic Medical Center Patients Sixty-three fathers and 66 brothers of women with PCOS as well as two groups of control men of comparable age to fathers (older control, n=30) and brothers (younger control, n=58). Interventions A single early morning fasting blood sample was obtained for the measurement of reproductive hormone levels. Main Outcome Measures Testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) levels were measured. Results AMH, LH, and FSH levels were significantly increased in male relatives compared with their respective control groups. E2, E1, T and inhibin B levels did not differ between the groups. Conclusion AMH, LH, and FSH levels were increased in adult male relatives of women with PCOS, suggesting they may have altered testicular function and changes in neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion. These changes may reflect effects of PCOS susceptibility genes such as the recently mapped chromosome 11p14.1 locus in the region of the FSH B polypeptide gene.

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“…Since 2006 we have published four studies in infants using the leuprolide test and we have not observed any side effects (27)(28)(29)31).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 79%

Improvement of hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: possible effect in the ovarian follicular mass of their daughters

Crisosto

Echiburú

Maliqueo

et al. 2012

Fertility and Sterility

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Pituitary and Testicular Function in Sons of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from Infancy to Adulthood

Abstract: AMH concentrations are increased in prepubertal sons of women with PCOS, suggesting that these boys may show an increased Sertoli cell number or function during infancy and childhood. However, this does not seem to have a major deleterious effect on sperm production.

Cited by 57 publications

References 38 publications

Prenatal Testosterone Exposure Worsen the Reproductive Performance of Male Rat at Adulthood

Prenatal Testosterone Exposure Worsen the Reproductive Performance of Male Rat at Adulthood

Increased antimüllerian hormone levels and other reproductive endocrine changes in adult male relatives of women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Improvement of hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: possible effect in the ovarian follicular mass of their daughters

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