Place of herbivores in the agricultural ecosystems

Jarrige, R.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-8067-2_37

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Furthermore, the particulate phases kinetics in vitro remain a coarse simulation of in vivo phenomena (Bernard et al, 2000). Nevertheless, the fermentation processes in controls were efficient since they were characterised by high daily productions of SCFA and methane along with low di-hydrogen and valerate productions, in good accordance with literature data (Jarrige et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Differential effects of rapeseed, sunflower and linseed oils on rumen microbial functions in dual effluent fermenters on maize silage-based diet

Broudiscou

Quinsac

Berthelot

et al. 2023

OCL

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Quantitative information on the concurrent changes in major rumen microbial functions induced by dietary lipids in relation with the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids is scarce. During a three-period essay (9 days per period), rapeseed (Brassica napus L., RO), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L., SO) and linseed (Linum usitatissimum L., LO) oils at the high level of 80 g/kg dry matter input (DMI) and a control without oil were compared in four 1-L dual outflow fermenters inoculated with bovine rumen microbiota and maintained on a maize silage-based diet. Neither the fermentation medium pH and redox potential nor starch and protein degradabilities were significantly altered. Oil supply significantly decreased butyrate and methane specific productions of to the benefit of propionate and hydrogen specific productions and decreased the microbial protein outflow and synthesis efficiency while increasing the outflows of ammonia and isovalerate, these effects being amplified by the fatty acids’ unsaturation degree. Besides, with no impact of the degree of unsaturation, oil supply increased the amount of fermented hexose, the productions of all SCFAs except butyrate and the specific production of acetate. The rumen variables apparently sensitive to oil unsaturation degree were thus related either to metabolic hydrogen removal pathways or to protein metabolism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Differential effects of rapeseed, sunflower and linseed oils on rumen microbial functions in dual effluent fermenters on maize silage-based diet

Broudiscou

Quinsac

Berthelot

et al. 2023

OCL

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“…In contrast to ruminants, a sizable proportion of the available protein and carbohydrate is digested and absorbed prior to reaching the cecum, and volatile fatty acid production within the cecum accounts for only about 30% of the digestible energy intake (3). Total plant cell wall digestion in the cecum is about 30% less than in the rumen, although the digestion of soluble components is about the same (4,7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxon-specific probes for the cellulolytic genus Fibrobacter reveal abundant and novel equine-associated populations

Lin

Stahl

1995

Appl Environ Microbiol

112

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A total of six 16S rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes were used to quantify Fibrobacter abundance and diversity in the gastrointestinal contents of a pony. Approximately 12% of the total 16S rRNA extracted from cecal contents hybridized with a Fibrobacter genus-specific probe and a Fibrobacter succinogenes species-specific probe. However, no significant hybridization was observed with a probe for the species Fibrobacter intestinalis or with three probes for F. succinogenes subspecies. This suggested the presence of a previously undescribed population of F. succinogenes-like organisms. Novel lineages of F. succinogenes were subsequently identified by using PCR primers specific for the genus to amplify sequences coding for 16S rRNA from DNA extracted from cecal contents. Sequences of the cloned amplification products were shown to be affiliated with F. succinogenes but represented two distinct, and novel, lines of descent within the species.

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“…It appears from these reviews that the number of studies devoted to NE calculation was much more limited in poultry than in ruminants or pigs. In ruminants or pigs, the interest in using NE instead of DE or ME comes from the fact that the NE/DE or NE/ME ratios are affected by the extent of fibre digestion (Jarrige, 1980;Just et al, 1983;Noblet et al, 1994). In poultry, the extent of fibre digestion is very low (Carré et al, 1990), which would decrease variations in NE/ME ratios and thus, would reduce the interest of an NE system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the net energy value of broiler diets

Carré

Lessire

Juin³

2014

Animal

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Thirty pelleted diets were given to broiler chickens (eight birds per diet; 21 to 35 days of age) for individual in vivo measurements of dietary net energy (NE) value, using three trials with 10 diets/trial. Amino acid formulation of diets was done on the basis of ratios to CP. NE was measured according to the body analysis method. The basal metabolism component of NE values was calculated on the basis of mean metabolic weight using a coefficient obtained in a previous experiment. Information about apparent metabolisable energy (AME) value of diets, AME corrected to zero nitrogen retention (AMEn) and digestibilities of proteins, lipids, starch and sugars was available from a previous publication. In each trial, mean NE/AME ratios of diets varied by about 6%. From the multiple regressions (n = 30) expressing NE and AMEn values as functions of digestible component contents, it was deduced that the NE/AMEn ratios assigned to dietary components were 0.760, 0.862, 0.806, 0.690 and 0.602 for CP, lipids, starch, (sucrose + glucose) and fermentable sugars (α-galacto-oligosaccharides and lactose), respectively. The NE/AME ratio of CP was 0.680. Regression calculations showed that the NE values assigned to individual birds (n = 240) could also be predicted with diet AMEn values (NE = 0.80 AMEn; R 2 = 0.770) or with an equation combining AMEn value and CP/AMEn ratio (R 2 = 0.773). The latter ratio was found to be the only additional parameter that was significant when added in the NE regression scheme based on AMEn.

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Place of herbivores in the agricultural ecosystems

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Differential effects of rapeseed, sunflower and linseed oils on rumen microbial functions in dual effluent fermenters on maize silage-based diet

Differential effects of rapeseed, sunflower and linseed oils on rumen microbial functions in dual effluent fermenters on maize silage-based diet

Taxon-specific probes for the cellulolytic genus Fibrobacter reveal abundant and novel equine-associated populations

Prediction of the net energy value of broiler diets

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