Placement stability and inclusive practice in foster care: An empirical study

Palmer, Sally

doi:10.1016/0190-7409(96)00025-4

Cited by 94 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…International research has shown than children who display oppositional defiant disorder or other externalizing behavior disorders (fights, delinquency, etc.) have undergone the most placement changes (James, Landsverk, & Slymen, 2004;Palmer, 1996). Children who undergo a larger number of changes will also be more likely to obtain worse academic results and to suffer from other problems at school (Biehal, Clayden, Stein, & Wade, 1995;Eckenrode, Rowe, Laird, & Brathwaite, 1995;Sallnäs et al, 2004).…”

Section: Rates Of Breakdown and Its Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Foster Care Breakdown in Spain

et al. 2011

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Breakdown of foster care has been defined as the situation in which one of the involved parties terminates the intervention before having achieved the goals established for the case plan. This work presents a study carried out with a Spanish sample of 318 closed cases of children who were placed in foster homes and kinship care. The data were collected through the exhaustive review of the child protection and foster placement files, complemented with interviews of the welfare workers in charge of each case. The rate of breakdown of the entire sample was 26.1%, although it was significantly different in kinship care (19.7%) and foster care (31.2%). The results of this study indicate that the variables related to breakdown depend on the placement modality, either in foster care or kinship care. In the first case, the variables related to the child's characteristics are noteworthy, especially behavior and academic problems, with special relevance in the 9-12-year-old group, and in children who were previously in residential care. In contrast, in kinship care, the parents' problems (prison, mental health) and having some measure of guardianship are the most important. The fact of undergoing foster placement after having lived in various residential homes is transcendental. Lastly, the availability of economic resources and even the foster carers' studies seem to be related to foster breakdown.Keywords: foster care, kinship care, child care, outcome assessment, disruption, breakdown, placement stability.La ruptura del acogimiento familiar se ha definido como aquella situación en la que alguna de las partes implicadas causa una terminación de la intervención antes de haber alcanzado los objetivos establecidos en el plan de caso. Este trabajo presenta un estudio llevado a cabo en una muestra española de 318 casos cerrados de niños que fueron acogidos en familia ajena y extensa.Los datos se obtuvieron a través de la revisión exhaustiva de los expedientes de protección y acogimiento, complementada con entrevistas a los técnicos encargados de cada caso. La tasa de ruptura del conjunto de la muestra fue de 26,1%, si bien fue significativamente diferente en familia extensa (19,7%) que en familia ajena (31,2%). Los resultados de este estudio indican que las variables relacionadas con la ruptura dependen de la modalidad del acogimiento, en familia ajena o extensa. En el primer caso destacamos las variables relacionadas con las características del niño, especialmente los problemas de conducta y escolares, con especial relevancia en el grupo de 9-12 años, y el haber estado en acogimiento residencial previamente. En cambio, en extensa resulta más importante la problemática en los padres (prisión, salud mental) y el tener una medida de tutela. También el hecho de que se realice el acogimiento tras pasar por hogares de acogida resulta trascendental. Finalmente, la disponibilidad de recursos económicos e incluso los estudios de los acogedores parecen ser variables relacionadas con la ruptura de la acogida.Palabras clave: acogimient...

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Section: Rates Of Breakdown and Its Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Foster Care Breakdown in Spain

et al. 2011

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“…For example, findings suggest that older children are more likely to change placements than younger children (Barber et al 2001; Smith et al 2001;Wulczyn et al 2003;James 2004). Gender effects usually are minimal (e.g., Newton et al 2000) or disappear when other factors, such as child behavior problems, are controlled (Palmer 1996); but other studies find that girls are more likely to change placement settings (Smith et al 2001;Wulczyn et al 2003). Few studies of placement stability include race as a covariate, but those that have generally report that race is not a significant predictor of stability (e.g., Newton et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Research shows a relation between multiple placement changes and negative developmental outcomes for children. Children who experience multiple placement changes are more likely to exhibit attachment difficulties (Palmer 1996), externalizing behavior problems (Pardeck 1984;Fanshel, Finch, and Grundy 1989;Palmer 1996;Fernandez 1999;Barber, Delfabbro, and Cooper 2001), and internalizing behavior problems (Newton et al 2000). Placement changes are associated with disruption in educational settings and decreased academic performance (Zima et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Few studies of placement stability include race as a covariate, but those that have generally report that race is not a significant predictor of stability (e.g., Newton et al 2000). Finally, studies show that the presence of child emotional or behavioral problems is a consistent risk factor for placement instability (Pardeck 1984;Palmer 1996;Newton et al 2000;Barber and Delfabbro 2003;James 2004).Some data suggest that children removed due to neglect are less likely to experience placement changes than children removed for other forms of maltreatment, including physical or sexual abuse (Webster et al 2000). Sigrid James (2004) observes an increased risk for behavior-related placement changes among children removed for emotional abuse.…”

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Changes in Placement among Children in Foster Care: A Longitudinal Study of Child and Case Influences

Connell

Vanderploeg

Flaspohler

et al. 2006

Social Service Review

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Using Cox regression modeling, this longitudinal study examines child and case characteristics associated with changes in placement among 5,909 Rhode Island children in foster care. Results suggest that half of all children experience at least one placement change while in care. Infants change placements least, and risk increases with child age. Emergency shelter settings have the highest risk of placement change, followed by nonrelative settings, group home settings, and relative foster care. The reasons for removal from the home and the history of previous placements also predict placement changes, as do the interactions between foster care setting and some child characteristics.Numerous accounts document the often-deleterious psychological and health consequences of frequent changes in placement for foster care children. Placement changes are associated with compromised developmental trajectories and poor adult outcomes (Fanshel and Shinn 1978;Pardeck 1984;Newton, Litrownik, and Landsverk 2000;Rutter 2000;Wulczyn, Kogan, and Harden 2003). Accounts of such negative consequences have prompted the public and legislators to call for action. As a result, laws were enacted that, among other things, emphasize shorter lengths of stay and more stable placements for children in foster care such as the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980 [U.S. Public Law 96-272] and the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 [ASFA; U.S. Public Law 105-89]. As a result of concerns voiced in ASFA legislation with levels of placement stability, placement stability also is incorporated as an indicator of child welfare system functioning in the ongoing federal Child and Family Services Review (CFSR) process. Research shows a relation between multiple placement changes and negative developmental outcomes for children. Children who experience multiple placement changes are more likely to exhibit attachment difficulties (Palmer 1996), externalizing behavior problems (Pardeck 1984;Fanshel, Finch, and Grundy 1989;Palmer 1996;Fernandez 1999;Barber, Delfabbro, and Cooper 2001), and internalizing behavior problems (Newton et al. 2000). Placement changes are associated with disruption in educational settings and decreased academic performance (Zima et al. 2000). Multiple placement changes are linked to increased levels of physical and mental health service use, as well as to the economic cost associated with such patterns of service use (Rubin et al. 2004). Finally, placement instability is associated with increases in rates of juvenile delinquency among male foster youth (Ryan and Testa 2005). NIH Public AccessMultiple changes in placement also result in delayed permanency outcomes, such as reunification, adoption, and guardianship (Proch and Taber 1985). A history of repeated placements is linked to subsequent placement instability (Fernandez 1999;Webster, Barth, and Needell 2000), a reduced likelihood of reunification and exiting from care (Pardeck 1984;Goerge 1990;Fernandez 1999), an increased likelihood of returning to care...

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Foster Care: Policies and Practice in Working with Foster Families

Wilson¹,

Sinclair²

2003

The Practitioner’s Guide to Working With Families

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Placement stability and inclusive practice in foster care: An empirical study

Cited by 94 publications

References 7 publications

Factors Affecting Foster Care Breakdown in Spain

Factors Affecting Foster Care Breakdown in Spain

Changes in Placement among Children in Foster Care: A Longitudinal Study of Child and Case Influences

Foster Care: Policies and Practice in Working with Foster Families

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