Placental mesenchymal stem cells of fetal and maternal origins demonstrate different therapeutic potentials

Abstract

IntroductionTherapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different sources have been evaluated in pre-clinical and clinical settings. Although MSCs from different sources share MSC-specific characteristics and functions, inconsistent or controversial results of pre-clinical and clinical applications of such cells are frequently reported. This may be partially due to the fact that MSCs isolated from different origins may differentially express some functions not typical for MSCs, and hence have different therapeutic potentials. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in human placental MSCs (P-MSCs) of fetal and maternal origins in the aspects of clinical importance.MethodsP-MSCs of fetal and maternal origins isolated from normal term placentas were characterized for their typical phenotype as well as their expression of receptors and growth factors of clinic interests. P-MSCs that preferentially express hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and CD200 were evaluated for their therapeutic potentials in models of angiogenesis and allogeneic skin transplantation, in comparison with their HGF and CD200 negative partners.ResultsAlthough all P-MSCs express typical MSC phenotype, fetal but not maternal P-MSCs express high levels of CD200 and HGF. Compared with HGF and CD200 negative P-MSCs, HGF and CD200 positive cells demonstrated significantly high potentials in promoting angiogenesis in vitro and increasing immunosuppressive function in vivo. These therapeutic potentials were at least in part due to their differences in HGF and CD200 expression, respectively.ConclusionsWe conclude that MSC origins may have significant impact on the therapeutic potentials of such cells, and should be taken into consideration in clinical applications.

Therapy with Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Protects Lungs from Radiation-Induced Injury and Reduces the Risk of Lung Metastasis

“…However, the procedure to collect BM-derived MSCs is very invasive and only 0.01 to 0.001 percent of mononuclear cells in the BM are MSCs so that other, more accessible sources would represent good alternatives. In addition, cord blood, placenta, blood, fetal liver, and even adipose tissue can be used to obtain human MSCs (26,34,37,75). Above all, cord blood and peripheral blood could be good and easily accessible sources (30,31).…”

Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human Placenta Tissue

“…Improvements in expansion medium formulation, through specific exogenous growth factor medium supplementation should allow selective expansion of the fetal-derived MSC populations, and manufacture a cell product that is enriched for fetal rather than maternal cells (our group is currently developing such medium formulations). The manufacture of fetal MSC populations may have a number of advantages, as fetal MSC are purported to have greater angiogenesis and immunosuppressive properties than equivalent maternal MSC populations 37 . In each of the described isolation protocols, we used approximately 10 g of tissue.…”

Multiplacenta derived stem cell/cytokine treatment increases survival time in a mouse model with radiation-induced bone marrow damage

“…The level of hepatocyte growth factor expression has been shown to be much higher in placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells, compared to adult mesenchymal stem cells (Zhu et al 2014). Mesenchymal stem cells can produce a large number of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, IL-11, stromal cell-derived factor, leukemia inhibitor factor, stem cell factor, and Flt3 ligand, which are several essential hematopoietic growth factors (Grebnev et al 2015;Chaudhary et al 1992;Tolar et al 2010;Zhang et al 2011;Dazzi et al 2006;Yañez et al 2006;Sorrentino et al 2008).…”