Placental Transfusion and Fluid Metabolism on the First Day of Life

Rl, Cort; Přibylová, H

doi:10.1136/adc.39.206.363

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is estimated that the proportion of the total infant/placenta blood volume in the infant at birth is 67%, and that this increases to 80% in one minute and to 87% at the termination of placental transfusion (Yao, Moinian, and Lind, 1969). The advisability of permitting such a transfusion is still debated (Cort and Pribylova, 1964;Moss and Monset-Couchard, 1967). Infants whose cords are clamped late have larger blood volumes (Lind, 1965); Moss and Monset-Couchard, 1967), higher haematocrits (Oh and Lind, 1966), and altered haemodynamics (Oh et al, 1967) when compared to infants whose cords are clamped early.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood viscosity in the newborn.

Mackintosh¹,

Walker²

1973

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Mackintosh, T. F., and Walker, C. H. M. (1973). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 48,547. Blood viscosity in the newborn. The blood of the newborn has been shown to possess viscoelastic properties similar to adult blood, with a straight line relation between blood viscosity and PCV (packed cell volume) at normal PCV levels, and progressively disproportionate increases in viscosity at PCV levels above 65. The viscosity/ shear rate curve indicates an increase in viscosity as shear rate declines. The mean values for viscosity of the blood from 110 normal term infants increased from 5 -5 cps (centipoise) at 232 sec-1 to 33 -7 cps at 1 v 16 sec1, whereas the corresponding values for adults are considerably lower, 4 -3 to 14 -5 cps. This tends to make the blood flow in infants more susceptible to changes in haematocrit. Corresponding values for 21 normal preterm infants (5 0 to 30-6 cps) did not differ significantly from those of normal infants. Those for 13 small-for-dates infants were higher (6 6 to 44*6 cps). There was no clear relation between viscosity and the respiratory distress syndrome, the values in 20 distressed infants being 4*8 to 28 -1 cps. However, 13 of 24 babies with 'cerebral' signs had values above the normal 2 SD limit, the range for these babies being 6 9 to 47 0 cps. Among the 188 infants studied, 19 were regarded as hyperviscous with values above 2 SD from the mean. Of these, 4 were symptom free, 4 showed plethora and cyanosis only, and 11 had 'cerebral' signs, 2 having additional RDS and 1 prolonged physiological jaundice. 7 of the symptomatic infants were preterm and 4 were small-for-dates. 6 infants received haemodilution therapy by partial plasma exchange, with clinical improvement in 5. It is concluded that haemodilution should be considered in any infant with cardiopulmonary or cerebral symptoms and in whom the haematocrit is above 65 to 70%.In recent years the viscosity of blood, the occurrence of hyperviscous states, and the effects of hyperviscosity on blood flow have been studied

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood viscosity in the newborn.

Mackintosh¹,

Walker²

1973

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Delayed CC allows time for a transfer of the foetal blood in the placenta to the infant at the time of birth [9]. This placental transfusion can provide the infant with an additional 40% more blood volume [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of early versus delayed cord clamping in neonate on heart rate, breathing and oxygen saturation during first 10 minutes of birth - randomized clinical trial

Singhal

Gautam³

et al. 2019

matern health, neonatol and perinatol

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Background Delayed cord clamping (DCC) after 180 s reduces iron deficiency up to 8 months of infancy compared to babies who received Early Cord Clamping (ECC) at less than 60 s. Experimentally DCC has shown to improve cardio-vascular stability. To evaluate the effect of delayed (≥180 s) group versus early (≤60 s) cord clamping group on peripheral blood oxygenation and heart rate up to 10 min after birth on term and late preterm infants. Methods We conducted a single centred randomized clinical trial in a low risk delivery unit in tertiary Hospital, Nepal. One thousand five hundred ten women, low risk vaginal delivery with foetal heart rate (FHR) ≥ 100 ≤ 160 beats per minute (bpm) and gestational age (≥33 weeks) were enrolled in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to cord clamped ≤60 s of birth and ≥ 180 s. The main outcome measures were oxygen saturation, heart rate from birth to 10 min and time of spontaneous breathing. The oxygen saturation and heart rate, the time of first breath and establishment of regular breathing was analysed using Student t-test to compare groups. We analysed the range of heart rate distributed by different centiles from the time of birth at 30 s intervals until 10 min. Results The oxygen saturation was 18% higher at 1 min, 13% higher at 5 min and 10% higher at 10 min in babies who had cord clamping in delayed group compared to early group ( p < 0.001). The heart rate was 9 beats lower at 1 min and3 beats lower at 5 min in delayed group compared to early group (p < 0.001). Time of first breath and regular breathing was established earlier in babies who had cord clamping at 180 s or more. Conclusion Spontaneously breathing babies subjected to DCC have higher oxygen saturation up to 10 min after birth compared to those who have undergone ECC. Spontaneously breathing babies with DCC have lower heart rates compared to ECC until 390 s. Spontaneously breathing babies receiving DCC have early establishment of breathing compared to ECC. Trial registration ISRCTN , 5 April 2016.

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“…Eine weit verbreitete einfache Methode ist die Bestimmung des aus der Plazenta nach Abnabelung zu gewinnenden Restblutes. Ubereinstimmend wurde festgestellt, daß bei frühzeitiger, einige Sekunden nach der Geburt erfolgender Abnabelung Mengen um 100 ml, bei später, mehrere Minuten nach der Geburt erfolgender Abnabelung dagegen nUr um 30 ml Blut aus der Plazentazu gewinnen sind (7,17 Diese von verschiedenen Autoren unter verschiedenen Bedingungen gewonnenen Untersuchungsergebnisse sind zwar im einzelnen nicht vergleichbar, zeigen aber eindeutig, daß es sich bei der plazentaren Transfusion um beachtliche Blutmengen handelt. Untersuchungen über die Gewichtszunahme des unabgenabelten Kindes während der ersten Lebensminuten unterstützen diese Feststellung (8).…”

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“…Das sich öffnende pulmonale Gefäßbett muß mit Blut gefüllt werden. Wenn auch die ersten Atembewegungen für die Entfaltung der Alveolen entscheidend sind, so bestehen doch Wechselwirkungen zwischen Blutfülle des Lungengefäßsystems und der Schreivitalkapazität, das heißt dem Entfaltungszustand der Lungen (7). In diesem Zusammenhang wurde von verschiedenen Autoren die bei der hyalinen Membrankrankheit der Frühgeborenen gefundene pulmonale Hypotonie ätiologisch in Beziehung gesetzt zur Größe der plazentaren Transfusion (12,13).…”

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Die plazentare Transfusion

Schenck¹

1966

Dtsch med Wochenschr

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Placental Transfusion and Fluid Metabolism on the First Day of Life

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Blood viscosity in the newborn.

Blood viscosity in the newborn.

Effect of early versus delayed cord clamping in neonate on heart rate, breathing and oxygen saturation during first 10 minutes of birth - randomized clinical trial

Die plazentare Transfusion

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