Plagas de importancia económica en el cultivo de la guayaba y sus estrategias de control

Muñoz, Arturo Carabalí; Burbano, Orlando Ildefonso Insuasty; Blanco, Víctor Camilo Pulido; Nasamuez, Doris Elisa Canacuán

doi:10.21930/978-958-740-200-1

Cited by 2 publications

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“…En relación a los parasitoides encontrados en el estudio, Carabalí et al (2015) también registran para Colombia parasitismo de hasta 60 % de pupas por dos especies de Chalcididae del género Brachymeria: B. pedalis y B. conica, y dos especies de Tachinidae no identificadas de los géneros Siphostumia y Sturmiomima.…”

Section: A B Cunclassified

“…Recientemente, Sarmiento Naizaque et al (2016) registraron para Colombia a C. theobromae como una importante plaga del cultivo de guayaba, se le detectó en el 2006 y se le denominó "gusano anillador" por formar anillos alrededor del fuste y alimentarse por debajo de la corteza del árbol hasta llegar al cambium vascular. Por otro lado, Carabalí et al (2015) reportan que C. theobromae pasó de consumir la mazorca y semillas del cacao al guayabo, argumento que concuerda con lo registrado por Harms y Aiello (1995), que consideran que las especies cuyas larvas son perforadoras del fruto tienen un comportamiento aberrante o totalmente diferente al encontrado en la mayoría de las especies de la familia Sesiidae. Las hembras ovipositan sobre grietas en los troncos, ramas o raíces expuestas y cuando eclosionan, sus larvas forman galerías en los lugares donde fueron ovipositados (Hernández-Baz y Equihua 2000).…”

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El barrenador del fruto y tallo del cacao (Carmenta theobromae, Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) en el valle de Zarumilla, Tumbes, Perú

Morán-Rosillo

Castillo-Carrillo

2020

Rev. Colomb. Entomol.

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Desde el 2009 se ha evidenciado en las plantaciones de cacao del valle de Zarumilla (Tumbes, Perú), la presencia de un insecto plaga de especie aún no identificada, cuyas larvas perforan los tallos y frutos del cacao, y afectan su valor comercial por la invasión de microorganismos patógenos secundarios. Este trabajo de investigación que se realizó de marzo a agosto del 2014 tuvo como objetivos identificar y describir morfológicamente al barrenador del fruto y tallo del cacao, no reportado para las condiciones de este valle. Las recolectas se realizaron en campos cacaoteros del valle de Zarumilla y la crianza de los estados inmaduros, en el laboratorio de Entomología de la Universidad Nacional de Tumbes. Los resultados permitieron determinar que la especie cuya larva perfora los tallos y frutos del cacao es Carmenta theobromae. Se describen las principales características morfológicas de esta especie, referente a los estados de huevo, larva, pupa y adulto de ambos sexos. Además, del material biológico recolectado en campo durante el muestreo, se identificaron dos parasitoides a nivel de familia, un díptero Tachinidae recuperado de larvas y un himenóptero Chalcididae a partir de pupas. Se concluye que la especie que barrena los frutos de cacao en las plantaciones del valle de Zarumilla es C. theobromae. El presente estudio servirá de base para realizar futuras investigaciones de la biología y comportamiento en relación con los factores ambientales y determinar si esta especie tiene preferencia por determinados clones de cacao sembrados en la zona.

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El barrenador del fruto y tallo del cacao (Carmenta theobromae, Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) en el valle de Zarumilla, Tumbes, Perú

Morán-Rosillo

Castillo-Carrillo

2020

Rev. Colomb. Entomol.

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“…However, towards the tropical zone in recent decades, the presence of the genus Carmenta, with the species C. foraseminis and C. theobromae 5 , stands out. The larval stages of C. theobromae have been reported attacking mainly cacao fruits 5,6 , as well as the subcortical zone of guava trees 6,7 , and myrtle 6 in Venezuela and Colombia.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The attack of C. theobromae is considered a limitation in the two largest guava production centers in Colombia: Hoya del Río Suárez (HRS) and the northern region of Valle del Cauca (NVC) 6 . The presence of the pest insect has been reported in 98% of the farms sampled in HRS (n = 124), with approximately 10 infested trees over 40 observed, and up to 96 simultaneous larvae per tree.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of the pest insect has been reported in 98% of the farms sampled in HRS (n = 124), with approximately 10 infested trees over 40 observed, and up to 96 simultaneous larvae per tree. In the NVC its presence has been registered in the north and center of the department, in technified systems of pear guava Palmira ICA-1 and wild plots of common guava, as well as in cacao plantations 6 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Management alternatives for Carmenta theobromae (Busck, 1910) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) and Simplicivalva ampliophilobia (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), limiting pests of guava in Colombia

Blanco

Pinzón-Sandoval

González-Chavarro

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The larval stages of Carmenta theobromae Busck (1910) and Simplicivalva ampliophilobia Davis, Gentili-Poole and Mitter (2008) attack the subcortical zone and pith in guava trees, respectively, in the first productive nucleus of fruit trees in Colombia: Hoya del Río Suárez (HRS). The presence of pest insects has been reported in 98% of the farms sampled in HRS (n = 124), with up to 96 and 11 simultaneous larvae per tree, respectively. Although the aspects of the basic biology and life cycle of both pests have been resolved, there are no strategies for managing populations in the field. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate different management alternatives under laboratory and field conditions in HRS. In laboratory conditions, a completely randomized design was used in two separate experiments, each with six treatments: T1: Spinosad (a mixture of Spinosad A and D); T2: S-1,2-di(ethoxycarbonyl) ethyl 0,0-dimethylphosphorodithioate (chemical control); T3: Lecanicillium lecanii; T4: Beauveria bassiana; T5: Mix of B. bassiana and B. brongniartii, and T6: distilled water (control). The number of dead larvae per replicate per treatment was evaluated (DL), with experimental units of five and three larvae, respectively. In the field, to the two best alternatives found for each pest in the laboratory, pruning and keeping the area around the plants free of weeds were added as cultural management, in two separate additional experiments, each with three larvae as experimental unit per treatment. For C. theobromae, the best laboratory alternatives were chemical control (DL: 3.78) and L. lecanii (DL: 2.33), followed without statistical differences by B. bassiana (DL: 1.67). In the field, the virulence of B. bassiana improved (DL: 3), and together with pruning and keeping the area around the plants clear of weeds (DL: 3), they stood out as the best alternatives. For S. ampliophilobia under laboratory conditions, the best alternatives were Spinosad (2.74) and chemical control (DL: 2.66), without significant difference. In the field, there were no statistical differences between the alternatives, except for the control. This statistical parity of cultural practices, and biological and chemical management is an argument in favor of the use of the former to the detriment of the third, especially when the harmful effects of the molecule S-1,2 di (ethoxycarbonyl) ethyl 0, 0-dimethyl phosphorodithioate have been proven in air, water and agricultural soils, in addition to its association with thyroid cancer in humans. This is a strong argument to favor the use of synergies of cultural and biological management methods framed in IPM, as opposed to the use of chemical agents whose harmful effects are strongly documented, and whose use is becoming increasingly prohibited.

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Plagas de importancia económica en el cultivo de la guayaba y sus estrategias de control

Cited by 2 publications

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El barrenador del fruto y tallo del cacao (Carmenta theobromae, Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) en el valle de Zarumilla, Tumbes, Perú

El barrenador del fruto y tallo del cacao (Carmenta theobromae, Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) en el valle de Zarumilla, Tumbes, Perú

Management alternatives for Carmenta theobromae (Busck, 1910) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) and Simplicivalva ampliophilobia (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), limiting pests of guava in Colombia

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