Plain-Woven, 600-Denier Kevlar KM2 Fabric Under Quasistatic, Uniaxial Tension

Raftenberg, Martin N.; Scheidler, Mike; Moynihan, Thomas J.; Smith, Charles A.

doi:10.21236/ada432854

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…According to linear elastic plate theory, a plate's flexural rigidity, which measures its resistance to bending, increases as the plate's thickness cubed (Timoshenko and Woinowsky-Krieger, 1959). Let h be the undeformed thickness of each ply of the physical vest, and let N be the number of plies in the vest.…”

Section: Progress In Modeling the Kevlar Vestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Thoracic Blunt Trauma: Towards a Finite-Element-Based Design Methodology for Body Armor

Raftenberg

2006

Transformational Science and Technology for the Current and Future Force

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Section: Progress In Modeling the Kevlar Vestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Thoracic Blunt Trauma: Towards a Finite-Element-Based Design Methodology for Body Armor

Raftenberg

2006

Transformational Science and Technology for the Current and Future Force

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“…Recently, the use of specialized nanomaterials has been shown to improve the ballistic performance. [4][5][6][7] Ballistic is the branch of applied physics deals with the motion of projectiles propelled by various energy sources such as solid/liquid/gas propellant or more recently electrical/electro-magnetic/light (laser) sources. The field of ballistics is usually subdivided into four branches.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 2D woven fabrics can be coated with elastomers to improve the fracture toughness of the structure. 5,6,13 On the other hand, it was claimed that para-aramid fabric becomes more flexible and resistant to ballistic penetration/stabbing when impregnated with shear thickening fluid made of nanosilica particles dispersed in ethylene glycol. 14 For protection against projectile/stabbing/slashing type threats, soft vests made of 3D orthogonal woven, 3D angleinterlock woven and 3D fully/partly interlaced woven as well as multiaxis 3D woven or knitted preforms have been employed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional (2D) fabrics and three-dimensional (3D) preforms for ballistic and stabbing protection: A review

Bilişik

2016

Textile Research Journal

108

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In this study, the impact resistance of two-dimensional (2D) fabrics and three-dimensional (3D) preforms is explained. These fabrics and preforms include 2D and 3D woven and knitted flat and circular fabrics. Various types of soft/layered structures as well as rigid composite are outlined with some design examples for ballistic and stab threats. The recent developments in nanotubes/nanofibers and shear-thickening fluids (STF) for ballistic fabrics are reviewed. The ballistic properties of single- and multi-layered fabrics are discussed. Their impact mechanism is explained for both soft vest and rigid armor applications. Analytical modeling and computational techniques for the estimation of ballistic properties are outlined. It is concluded that the ballistic/stab properties of fiber-reinforced soft and rigid composites can be enhanced by using high-strength fibers and tough matrices as well as specialized nanomaterials. Ballistic/stab resistance properties were also improved by the development of special fabric architectures. All these design factors are of primary importance for achieving flexible and lightweight ballistic structures with a high ballistic limit.

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“…The strain rate for each test was 0.003 /s. Photographs Upon completion of each test, Microsoft Excel was used to convert the uniaxial force and displacement data into the corresponding components of 2nd Piola-Kirchhoff stress and Green-Lagrange strain using the following equations [42]:…”

Section: Fabric Thickness and Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42. Poisson's ratios found using lateral strain as a function of longitudinal strain for the weft monotonic specimen 04 of cotton denim.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measuring and modeling the anisotropic, nonlinear and hysteretic behavior of woven fabrics

Williams¹

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Thesis Supervisor: Professor Colby C. Swan 1 ABSTRACT The computational modeling of clothing has received increasing attention since the late 1980's with the desire to study and animate clothing-wearer interactions. Within a clothing modeling framework, it is necessary to model the mechanical behavior of woven fabrics. An important aspect of modeling the mechanics of woven fabrics is capturing realistic stress-strain behaviors which are invariably anisotropic, nonlinear, and hysteretic in that they feature irrecoverable deformation when loadings are removed from the fabric. The objective of this research is to develop a fabric constitutive model that captures the primary features of anisotropy, nonlinearity, and hysteresis, and that can be easily implemented in a nonlinear, large deformation shell finite element framework for general clothing-wearer interaction modeling.To achieve the objective, biaxial responses of four different woven fabrics were experimentally measured under a battery of load-unload uniaxial stress tests performed in the fabrics' warp, weft, and bias 45° directions. Axial deformations were measured precisely using LVDTs, and transverse deformations were measured less precisely using photogrammetric methods. Such measurements yielded insight on the different fabrics' membrane properties such as nonlinear Young's moduli in the warp and weft directions, shear moduli, and Poisson's ratios. These membrane behaviors were captured in an incremental constitutive model that uses polynomial fitting of a fabric's loading warp and weft Young's moduli, and polynomial fitting of the membrane shear modulus. Measured membrane Poisson's ratios of the different fabrics were found to be asymmetrical and highly variable between fabric types. All of these effects were integrated in a nonsymmetrical incremental constitutive model that relates Piola-Kirchhoff stress to Green-Lagrangian strain.For numerical implementation in a shell finite element framework, the woven fabric's warp and weft directions relative to an individual element's lamina coordinate 2 system are specified in the undeformed configuration of the fabric and are denoted as the local material coordinate system. As the fabric undergoes arbitrary deformations, the local Piola-Kirchoff stress, the Green-Lagrange strain, and its increment at a point in the fabric are transformed to the material coordinate system in which the stress is updated.The updated state of Piola-Kirchoff stress in the material coordinate system is then rotated back into the local lamina coordinate system for usage in finite element force and stiffness calculations.This new realistic material model for woven fabrics is successfully implemented and tested in a variety of computations such as simulation of quasi-static material tests, and dynamic fabric "drape" and "poke" tests. Abstract Approved: ____________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________ ___________________________________ Salam Rahmatalla ii To My Mom and Dad iii ABSTRACT The compu...

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Plain-Woven, 600-Denier Kevlar KM2 Fabric Under Quasistatic, Uniaxial Tension

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling Thoracic Blunt Trauma: Towards a Finite-Element-Based Design Methodology for Body Armor

Modeling Thoracic Blunt Trauma: Towards a Finite-Element-Based Design Methodology for Body Armor

Two-dimensional (2D) fabrics and three-dimensional (3D) preforms for ballistic and stabbing protection: A review

Measuring and modeling the anisotropic, nonlinear and hysteretic behavior of woven fabrics

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