Plane-wave scattering-matrix theory of antennas and antenna-antenna interactions

Kerns, David M

doi:10.6028/nbs.mono.162

Cited by 174 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The first and second terms in (17) correspond to the propagation and evanescent modes [7]. Since the phase variation of the phase term in the first term is constant and the second term attenuates exponentially, it is easy to integrate (17) numerically.…”

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This expression has only transmitting characteristics that are closely related to the far-field pattern [7] and explicitly shows the dependence on the separation z between antennas. We clearly find how the denominator approaches to the numerator as z increases to infinity, that is, how the on-axis near-field gain converges to the on-axis far-field gain.…”

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phase factors e jkz in (9) is included for the numerical integration of the denominator to be done easily (7) explained later. Owing to [7], the S parameter between antennas 1 and 2 is given as…”

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new expression is derived from quantities closely related to antenna far-field patterns, that is, the transmission characteristics of antennas obtained by the planar near-field antenna measurements [7].…”

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We propose a new expression of the near-field gain correction combined with the planar near-field antenna measurements [7]. From the theory of the planar nearfield measurements, the transmission between antennas at any distance can be expressed by the transversal vectorial transmitting characteristics (omitting "transversal vectorial" below) of the antennas.…”

Section: ⅰ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A New Expression of Near-Field Gain Correction Using Photonic Sensor and Planar Near-Field Measurements

Hirose

Kurokawa²

2012

Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose a new expression of the near-field gain correction to calculate the on-axis far-field gain from the onaxis near-field gain for a directive antenna. The new expression is represented by transversal vectorial transmitting characteristics of two antennas that are measured by planar near-field equipment. Due to the advantages of the photonic sensor, the utilization of the new expression realizes the measurements of the on-axis far-field gains for two kinds of double ridged waveguide horn antennas within 0.1 dB deviation from 1 GHz to 6 GHz without calibrating the photonic sensor system.Key words: Near-Field Gain, On-Axis Gain, Photonic Sensor, Planar Near-Field Measurements.Manuscript received August 25, 2011 ; Revised February 14, 2012 ; Accepted March 5, 2012. (ID No. 20110825-07J) National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan. Corresponding Author : Masanobu Hirose (e-mail : masa-hirose@aist.go.jp) This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ⅰ. IntroductionThe accurate measurements of the on-axis far-field gains of antennas are of primary importance in antenna measurements. The conventional method for the on-axis far-field gains uses the transmission measurements between antennas whose distance are far enough to fulfill the far-field conditions [1], or the near-field gain corrections to the transmission measurements between antennas at finite distances less than the distances of the far-field conditions [2]～ [5]. As the most accurate method, the extrapolation method is used in national metrology laboratories [6].The conventional near-field gain correction is calculated using the electric and magnetic fields at the apertures of antennas. Usually the electric and magnetic field distributions are calculated at the apertures of pyramidal horn antennas from some theoretical models [2], [4], [5]. For some complicated antennas such as real doubleridged waveguide horns, it is difficult to calculate the field distributions theoretically.Ludwig [3] obtained the electric and magnetic fields for the near-field gain correction using spherical wave expansions determined from the far-field pattern of an antenna. This method is equivalent to the combination of the near-field gain correction and spherical near-field antenna measurements by the present point of view.We propose a new expression of the near-field gain correction combined with the planar near-field antenna measurements [7]. From the theory of the planar nearfield measurements, the transmission between antennas at any distance can be expressed by the transversal vectorial transmitting characteristics (omitting "transversal vectorial" below) of the antennas. Using the transmitting characteristics, the far-field gain ca...

show abstract

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -2 New Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ⅰ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A New Expression of Near-Field Gain Correction Using Photonic Sensor and Planar Near-Field Measurements

Hirose

Kurokawa²

2012

Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Gaussian translation operator in a multilevel scheme

Hansen¹,

Borries²

2015

Radio Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A multilevel computation scheme for time-harmonic fields in three dimensions will be formulated with a new Gaussian translation operator that decays exponentially outside a circular cone centered on the line connecting the source and observation groups. This Gaussian translation operator is directional and diagonal with its sharpness determined by a beam parameter. When the beam parameter is set to zero, the Gaussian translation operator reduces to the standard fast multipole method translation operator. The directionality of the Gaussian translation operator makes it possible to reduce the number of plane waves required to achieve a given accuracy. The sampling rate can be determined straightforwardly to achieve any desired accuracy. The use of the computation scheme will be illustrated through a near-field scanning problem where the far-field pattern of a source is determined from near-field measurements with a known probe. Here the Gaussian translation operator improves the condition number of the matrix equation that determines the far-field pattern. The Gaussian translation operator can also be used when the probe pattern is known only in one hemisphere, as is common in practice. Also, the Gaussian translation operator will be used to solve the scattering problem of the perfectly conducting sphere.

show abstract

Small and Fractal Antennas

Best

2007

Modern Antenna Handbook

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plane-wave scattering-matrix theory of antennas and antenna-antenna interactions

Cited by 174 publications

References 14 publications

A New Expression of Near-Field Gain Correction Using Photonic Sensor and Planar Near-Field Measurements

A New Expression of Near-Field Gain Correction Using Photonic Sensor and Planar Near-Field Measurements

Gaussian translation operator in a multilevel scheme

Small and Fractal Antennas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About