Planktic foraminiferal and 13 C isotopic changes across the Paleocene/Eocene boundary at Possagno (Italy)

Arenillas, Ignacio; Molina, Eustoquio; Schmitz, Birger

doi:10.1007/s005310050270

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…0.5 cm/ka, it provides a continuous record extending from chron C24r to chron C23r. Detailed description of this section and interpretation of its depositional setting have been reported previously [Bolli, 1975;Arenillas et al, 1999;Agnini et al, 2006b]. The overall section can be described as pink-reddish limestone to calcareous marlstone and this pelagic to hemipelagic succession is ascribed to the Scaglia Rossa.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

An early Eocene carbon cycle perturbation at ∼52.5 Ma in the Southern Alps: Chronology and biotic response

et al. 2009

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[1] At least two transient events of extreme global warming occurred superimposed on the long-term latest Paleocene and early Eocene warming trend in the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) (or ETM1 $55.5 Ma) and the Elmo (or ETM2 $53.6 Ma). Other than warmth, the best known PETM is characterized by (1) significant injection of 13 C-depleted carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system, (2) deep-sea carbonate dissolution, (3) strong biotic responses, and (4) perturbations of the hydrological cycle. Documentation of the other documented and suspected ''hyperthermals'' is, as yet, insufficient to assess whether they are similar in nature to the PETM. Here we present and discuss biomagnetostratigraphic data and geochemical records across two lower Eocene successions deposited on a continental margin of the western Tethys: the Farra and Possagno sections in the Venetian pre-Alps. We recognize four negative carbon isotope excursions within chron C24. Three of these shifts correlate to known or suspected hyperthermals: the PETM, the Eocene thermal maximum 2 ($53.6 Ma), and the informally named ''X event'' ($52.5 Ma). The fourth excursion lies within a reverse subchron and occurred between the latter two. In the Farra section, the X event is marked by a $0.6% negative carbon isotope excursion and carbonate dissolution. Furthermore, the event exhibits responses among calcareous nannofossils, planktic foraminifera, and dinoflagellates that are similar to, though less intense than, those observed across the PETM. Sedimentological and quantitative micropaleontological data from the Farra section also suggest increased weathering and runoff as well as sea surface eutrophication during this event.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

An early Eocene carbon cycle perturbation at ∼52.5 Ma in the Southern Alps: Chronology and biotic response

et al. 2009

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“…Hence the planktonic foraminiferal record may well be biased by preferential dissolution. An abrupt decrease in abundance or absence of Subbotina (>125 μ m) during the peak CIE is observed at many PETM localities [ Kelly et al , 1998; Arenillas et al , 1999; Kelly et al , 2005; Luciani et al , 2007; Petrizzo , 2007], and this genus may be more susceptible to dissolution [ Petrizzo , 2007; Petrizzo et al , 2008; Nguyen et al , 2009].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent pattern and timing of the carbon isotope excursion and warming during Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 as recorded in planktic and benthic foraminifera

Stap

Lourens

Dijk

et al. 2010

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2; ∼53.7 Ma) occurred approximately 2 Myr after the PaleoceneEocene Thermal Maximum (∼55.5 Ma) and was characterized by a deep-sea warming of >3°C, associated with massive release of carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system. We performed single-specimen stable isotope analyses of the planktic foraminiferal genera Acarinina (surface dweller) and Subbotina (thermocline dweller) from Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1265, 1267, and 1263 (Walvis Ridge, SE Atlantic Ocean) and compared high-resolution planktic and benthic stable isotope records to constrain the surface warming and the bathymetric pathway of the carbon isotope excursion during ETM2. Tests of the thermocline dweller Subbotina are absent from sediment deposited during the peak of ETM2. The Acarinina carbon and oxygen isotope records of Sites 1263, 1265, and 1267 are strikingly similar, despite some test recrystallization and large differences in burial depths. Sea surface temperature (SST) estimates based on d18 O isotope values of Acarinina indicate a SST increase of ∼2°C, significantly less than the >3°C estimated for bottom water warming. The maximum negative carbon isotope excursion for Acarinina was ∼1.7‰, slightly more than in the deep sea (∼1.4‰). The planktic and benthic isotope records do not show time lags, indicating that during ETM2 the isotopically depleted carbon injected into the ocean-atmosphere system was rapidly mixed within all oceanic carbon reservoirs.

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“…The CMU starts with a ∼2.5 cm‐thick mottled red and gray‐greenish clay level, overlain up to ∼31.7 m by red marls flecked by rare gray‐greenish patches, e.g., at ∼29.05 m and ∼30.8 m (Figure 2b). The Paleocene–Eocene boundary falls at the base of the CMU at Cicogna as well as elsewhere in the Belluno Basin [ Arenillas et al , 1999; Agnini et al , 2006; Giusberti et al , 2007; Dallanave et al , 2009]. Giusberti et al .…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicate weathering machine at work: Rock magnetic data from the late Paleocene–early Eocene Cicogna section, Italy

Dallanave

Tauxe

Muttoni

et al. 2010

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] We describe a scenario of climate forcing on sedimentation recorded in the late Paleocene-early Eocene Cicogna marine section from the Belluno Basin (NE Italy). Previously published magneto-biostratigraphic data revealed that the ∼81 m Cicogna section extends from Chron C25r to Chron C23r spanning the NP7/ NP8-NP12 nannofossil zones (∼52.2-56.6 Ma). Using previously published rock magnetic data, augmented by data from this study, we describe and thoroughly discuss a pronounced increase of hematite (relative to maghemite or magnetite) between ∼54.9 and 54.6 Ma immediately above the PaleoceneEocene boundary, followed by a second, long-term increasing trend from ∼54 Ma up to ∼52.2 Ma in the early Eocene. This hematite is essentially of detrital origin, insofar as it is associated with a strong shallow bias of paleomagnetic inclinations, and is interpreted to have formed on land by the weathering of Fe-bearing silicates and other primary minerals. We speculate that the warm and humid climate typical of the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM, ∼54.9 Ma) as well as of the warming trend leading to the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO; ∼52-50 Ma) enhanced continental weathering of silicate rocks with the consequent production, transport, and sedimentation of detrital hematite grains. This hypothesis is confirmed by a statistical correlation between the rock magnetic properties and global climate as revealed by a standard benthic oxygen isotope record from the literature. Our temporal coupling between oxidation state of sedimentary magnetic phases and global climate is therefore consistent with the existence in the Paleocene-Eocene of the silicate weathering negative feedback mechanism for the long-term stabilization of the Earth's surface temperature.

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Planktic foraminiferal and 13 C isotopic changes across the Paleocene/Eocene boundary at Possagno (Italy)

Cited by 31 publications

References 65 publications

An early Eocene carbon cycle perturbation at ∼52.5 Ma in the Southern Alps: Chronology and biotic response

An early Eocene carbon cycle perturbation at ∼52.5 Ma in the Southern Alps: Chronology and biotic response

Coherent pattern and timing of the carbon isotope excursion and warming during Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 as recorded in planktic and benthic foraminifera

Silicate weathering machine at work: Rock magnetic data from the late Paleocene–early Eocene Cicogna section, Italy

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