“…Grace et al (2003) denote that it may be challenging to form a causal connection between ICT and economic growth, because adverse influences might arise due to the opportunity costs of ICT investments and expenditures rather than in water, food, education, skills, etc. Safaeepour et al (2015) analyze the influence of ICT on traveler arrivals and show that the effect of ICTs in tourism affairs is not noticeable. Sigala et al (2004) demonstrate that productivity gains accrue not from investment per se, but from the entire utilization of ICT networking and informationalization abilities.…”