Planning and operation of dynamic energy storage for improved integration of wind energy

A critical review of voltage and reactive power management of wind farms

“…Most of these ESS tap into the intermediate DC link of back to back converter system for power exchange. The battery storage device can store the power as well as control active and reactive power at the point of interconnection, also sustain system stability [63], the Grid side inverter can also be used as interface for energy storage system and deficit of power is supplied by BESS [65]. The battery energy storage system is also utilized for stabilization of weak wind grid [67].…”

“…Among all the energy storage system battery energy storage system is proven to be best for control of active and reactive power, maintainer of system voltage of the wind farm and help steady state and dynamic stability in weak grid, also act as an energy storage system at the time of wind power curtailment [63][64][65][66][67][68].…”

“…The second category reactive power requirements of wind farms, which is further subdivided, use of STATCOM for managing reactive power requirements of wind farms, [42][43][44][45][46][47][48] includes application of SVC techniques for resolving the issue of voltage and reactive power requirements, [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] application of capacitor banks, DVR, SDBR and other devices. The third category [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80] is an energy storage system for weak grid and hybrid wind farm for mitigation of reactive power requirements. The fourth category [81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91]…”

Optimal Scheduling of a Battery Energy Storage System with Electric Vehicles’ Auxiliary for a Distribution Network with Renewable Energy Integration

“…Assuming that there is no energy storage facility in the regional distribution network, the extra DERs' power has to be injected back to the substation or curtailed, resulting in extra power losses and unfortunate waste of renewable energy, when the DERs' generated power is in excess of the power demand. Therefore, the BESS is integrated into the regional distribution network with renewable energy integration for minimizing DER curtailment [11], as Equation (10) …”

Frequency participation by using virtual inertia in wind turbines including energy storage

“…In [10], frequency-rotor speed coordinated control strategy is adopted to reduce sudden WT torque changes, and to adjust rotor speed when the frequency changes. However, in [11] was pointed out that rotor speed recovery may cause the secondary frequency drop down.…”