Planning for Community Resilience

Masterson, Jaimie Hicks; Peacock, Walter Gillis; Zandt, Shannon S. Van; Grover, Himanshu; Schwarz, Lori Feild; Cooper, John

doi:10.5822/978-1-61091-586-1

Cited by 72 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Those interviewed had strong relationships with their local place and community, which motivated their involvement in the civil society groups and therefore positively influenced local level flood resilience. This paper extended previous findings (Masterson et al, 2014) and found civil society actors acting as the first responders, in response to the flood, before the arrival of local state actors and emergency services. Living locally meant that they could more quickly offer support than actors from outside the area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Local residents were the "first responders" (similarly found by Masterson et al, 2014) as "traditional," but non-local, emergency responders were not able to reach towns for up to 36 hours after the flooding began due to disrupted transport connections. Interviewees and secondary data sources reported that citizens had to rely on themselves to recover in the immediate aftermath: restoring utilities and services back to their previous pre-flood state, helping to remove flood debris and cleaning flood-contaminated buildings (Ashworth, 2016;CVFSG, 2015).…”

Section: Immediate Recoverymentioning

confidence: 95%

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Civil society contributions to local level flood resilience: Before, during and after the 2015 Boxing Day floods in the Upper Calder Valley

Forrest

Trell

Woltjer

2018

Trans Inst British Geog

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There is an increasing emphasis on the local level as well as growing expectations regarding civil society actors in flood‐risk management in the UK. However, not enough is known about the potential contributions of civil society to flood resilience at the local level. This paper addresses this knowledge gap by conceptualising flood resilience at the local level across three phases inherent to flood disasters: pre‐flood, during the flood and post‐flood. These phases act as the foundation for this paper's exploration of the contributions of civil society to local‐level flood resilience. Data were collected before, during and after the 2015 Boxing Day floods through interviews (in 2015 and 2017) and from secondary data sources. The paper identifies the importance of time and place when analysing civil society contributions to local level flood resilience. These contributions were dynamic over time with a strong initial response that diminished over time due to apathy, “active forgetting” and lack of further exposure. Exposure and a sense of community strongly influenced civil society contributions to flood resilience in the Upper Calder Valley. Issues of representation and varying place‐based capacities were also identified as relevant for flood resilience‐based policies. These results have larger implications for our understanding of the contributions of civil society actors to flood resilience and suggest that while they can deliver better local context‐specific approaches, there needs to be caution over the long‐term sustainability and longevity of their contributions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Immediate Recoverymentioning

confidence: 95%

Civil society contributions to local level flood resilience: Before, during and after the 2015 Boxing Day floods in the Upper Calder Valley

Forrest

Trell

Woltjer

2018

Trans Inst British Geog

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“…The concepts of resilience in general and resilience to hazard events in particular have found wide application in a host of disciplines, including psychology and psychiatry, public health-related sciences, and environmental sciences, engineering, and the broader economic, social, and behavioral sciences (Haimes, 2009; Hicks-Masterson et al, 2014; Klein, Nicholls, & Thomalla, 2003; Manyena, 2006; Norris et al, 2008). These concepts have been applied to phenomena of varying scales and complexity, from components of engineered public infrastructure systems, or social groups to systems and networks of systems such as communities, socio-ecological systems, regional economies, and networks of infrastructure systems.…”

Section: Definitions Of Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

State of the research in community resilience: progress and challenges

Koliou

Lindt

McAllister

et al. 2018

Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure

293

113

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Community resilience has been addressed across multiple disciplines including environmental sciences, engineering, sociology, psychology, and economics. Interest in community resilience gained momentum following several key natural and human-caused hazards in the United States and worldwide. To date, a comprehensive community resilience model that encompasses the performance of all the physical and socio-economic components from immediate impact through the recovery phase of a natural disaster has not been available. This paper summarizes a literature review of previous community resilience studies with a focus on natural hazards, which includes primarily models of individual infrastructure systems, their interdependencies, and community economic and social systems. A series of national and international initiatives aimed at community resilience are also summarized in this study. This paper suggests extensions of existing modeling methodologies aimed at developing an improved, integrated understanding of resilience that can be used by policy-makers in preparation for future events.

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“…Social vulnerability, defined by Blaikie, Cannon, Davis, and Wisner (1994, p. 9), describes this process by which the social stratification of population groups results in disproportionate disaster risk and impacts within a society, specifically: “the characteristics of a person or group in terms of their capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover from the impacts of a natural hazard.” Importantly, these same social factors—such as, race, income, age, ability, nationality, gender, etc.—that determine social vulnerability to disaster may also explain uneven provision of public works and facilities, and thus compound disaster risk. The extent to which minority and low-income households (as well as female-headed, elderly, disabled, or transportation-dependent households) are disproportionately housed in low-quality homes in low-lying areas with infrastructure potentially in disrepair makes them susceptible to greater impacts from flooding, storm surge, and other environmental hazards (Highfield, Peacock, & Van Zandt, 2014; Masterson et al, 2014; Van Zandt, 2007; Van Zandt et al, 2012). …”

Section: Environmental Justice and Sustainable Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

The development of a participatory assessment technique for infrastructure: Neighborhood-level monitoring towards sustainable infrastructure systems

Hendricks

Meyer

Gharaibeh

et al. 2018

Sustainable Cities and Society

Self Cite

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Climate change and increasing natural disasters coupled with years of deferred maintenance have added pressure to infrastructure in urban areas. Thus, monitoring for failure of these systems is crucial to prevent future impacts to life and property. Participatory assessment technique for infrastructure provides a community-based approach to assess the capacity and physical condition of infrastructure. Furthermore, a participatory assessment technique for infrastructure can encourage grassroots activism that engages residents, researchers, and planners in the identification of sustainable development concerns and solutions. As climate change impacts disproportionately affect historically disenfranchised communities, assessment data can further inform planning, aiming to balance the distribution of public resources towards sustainability and justice. This paper explains the development of the participatory assessment technique for infrastructure that can provide empirical data about the condition of infrastructure at the neighborhood-level, using stormwater systems in a vulnerable neighborhood in Houston, Texas as a case study. This paper argues for the opportunity of participatory methods to address needs in infrastructure assessment and describes the ongoing project testing the best use of these methods.

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Planning for Community Resilience

Cited by 72 publications

References 0 publications

Civil society contributions to local level flood resilience: Before, during and after the 2015 Boxing Day floods in the Upper Calder Valley

Civil society contributions to local level flood resilience: Before, during and after the 2015 Boxing Day floods in the Upper Calder Valley

State of the research in community resilience: progress and challenges

The development of a participatory assessment technique for infrastructure: Neighborhood-level monitoring towards sustainable infrastructure systems

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