Planning of Mega Events: Experiences and Lessons

Leonardsen, Dag

doi:10.1080/14649350601158105

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The inclusion of "host communities" in the planning process has become regarded as an essential criterion for the success and sustainability of staging a mega-event (Frey et al, 2007;Leonardsen, 2007). The application of the framework to the Kaohsiung Games planning process identified that there was only limited host resident empowerment in decision-making processes or even in the consultation with people affected by Games-related projects.…”

Section: Community-wide Participation As a Key Aspect Of Social Sustamentioning

confidence: 98%

A framework for monitoring during the planning stage for a sports mega-event

Chun

Egan

Rotherham

et al. 2011

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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This paper proposes a monitoring framework to be used during the planning stage for a sports mega-event. The research identifies a lack of monitoring and evaluation studies during the development stage for sports mega-events. Importantly, it notes the absence of research which evaluates an event systematically from the outset of the process and from the perspectives of host residents and event planners. The framework was developed on the basis of the philosophical approach of pragmatism; it focused on a sustainable development perspective, and it was applied to a case study of the Kaohsiung 2009 World Games. A survey of the views of 606 host residents about the potential impacts of the event revealed that the respondents tended to show higher levels of agreement on the host benefits. The results of 38 interviews with various stakeholders indicated big gaps in both the city's long-term development aspirations and the Games themselves and also in the event strategies adopted. Using this information, key sustainability issues can be identified and monitored during the event planning stage so that the desirable outcomes of events can be enhanced and then sustained in the longer term.

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Section: Community-wide Participation As a Key Aspect Of Social Sustamentioning

confidence: 98%

A framework for monitoring during the planning stage for a sports mega-event

Chun

Egan

Rotherham

et al. 2011

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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“…The Technical Manual does not explicitly outline how qualitative data may be used in the OGI study. The third critique acknowledges the fact that attributing impact remains a challenge (Leonardsen 2007). The OGI Technical Manual acknowledges that 'identifying and attributing direct causality to the Games is very difficult and complex' (p. 26), but does not suggest a method for dealing with attribution such as adequacy, plausibility or probability assessment.…”

Section: International Journal Of Sport Policy and Politicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Technical Manual specifies that the study ends 3 years after the Games and suggests that hosts can independently measure Games impact after the OGI study ends and no one has done this longitudinal follow-up. The second critique is that the OGI study, by not drawing on qualitative data, cannot be used to understand the local social construction of reality (local perceptions and experiences) (Leonardsen 2007). Broadly speaking, indicators may be viewed as 'quantities that reveal qualities' (Cobb and Rixford 1998, p. 14), that for Leonardsen, suggests that the data for the OGI indicators are numerical and quantitative and, therefore, not qualitative.…”

Section: International Journal Of Sport Policy and Politicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The OGI Technical Manual acknowledges that 'identifying and attributing direct causality to the Games is very difficult and complex' (p. 26), but does not suggest a method for dealing with attribution such as adequacy, plausibility or probability assessment. The fourth critique is that the OGI study does not take into consideration impacts beyond the spatial limits of the host, for example, in another adjacent locale or country; however, the methodological challenge to undertake such research is acknowledged (Leonardsen 2007). In the OGI study, the spatial boundaries are local, regional, provincial (or state) and national.…”

Section: International Journal Of Sport Policy and Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Olympic Games Impact (OGI) study for the 2010 Winter Olympic Games: strategies for evaluating sport mega-events’ contribution to sustainability

VanWynsberghe

2014

International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics

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This paper aims to contribute to a burgeoning dialogue on evaluating the sustainability of sport mega-events by introducing three strategies for implementing the International Olympic Committee's (IOC's) Olympic Games Impact (OGI) study. The three techniques are bundling/leveraging, before-after control and sustainability scorecards. This paper begins by offering a twofold definition of OGI, one based on the OGI Technical Manual and one based on the author's experience undertaking this initiative. Second, it presents and discusses the OGI critiques that exist in the sport mega-event impact literature. Although only recently implemented, critical analyses of the OGI methodology have already produced a handful of critiques. Third, the experience of applying OGI in an examination of the 2010 Games is the grounds for suggesting two new critiques. Fourth, the paper describes, using empirical data from 2010, how the OGI researchers have addressed the methodological critiques by: (1) connecting indicator data to public policy objectives; (2) positing a provisional means to create a sustainability standard; and (3) comparing changes in the indicator data in the host to nonhost jurisdictions. This article would be of interest to future prospective Olympic host cities, researchers of mega-events and their impacts and practitioners who evaluate urban sustainability.

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“…That is, the development, in cities, of mega-events capable of arousing emotional experiences among citizens (Leonardsen, 2007;Dolles and Söderman, 2010) are seen as an alternative for leisure that is beneficial to citizens, translating into the consolidation of the city brand in which events occur. To date, studies addressing this issue have focused largely on emotions that sports events are capable of awakening (Kao et al (2007); few have been concerned with addressing the effectiveness of other, cultural events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do experiential events create city brand?

López

Boluda

Aguilar

2016

RBGN

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Purpose -This article analyzes to what extent mega-events are capable of developing powerful city brands that are internationally recognized -a topic that has been little studied to date.Design/methodology/approach -We used the quantitative method. We carried out 398 surveys with citizens living in Aguascalientes (Mexico), during the mega-event known as the Feria Nacional de San Marcos. Findings -The results allow us to verify that (i) with regard to background: residents' attitudes towards a city brand improve following experiences in mega-events in that city (H1) and (ii) with regard to effects: improving city brand attitudes increases residents' quality of life (H2).Originality/value -To date, there is no literature investigating how experiences in cultural mega-events improve attitudes towards city brands and, consequently, improve quality of life. To fill this gap, this article investigates the great advantages which mega-events can bring to a city

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Planning of Mega Events: Experiences and Lessons

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

A framework for monitoring during the planning stage for a sports mega-event

A framework for monitoring during the planning stage for a sports mega-event

The Olympic Games Impact (OGI) study for the 2010 Winter Olympic Games: strategies for evaluating sport mega-events’ contribution to sustainability

Do experiential events create city brand?

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