Planning Resilient Communities

Hay, Alexander H; Gómez-Palacio, Antonio; Martyn, Nicholas

doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1123-2_11

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In fact, integrating measures of wellbeing in infrastructure resilience assessments can shift the focus from "systems" to "people." Several countries and cities have already started working in this space, measuring subjective well-being households in official statistics that are intended to drive policy decisions [46] and to assess and inform public policy and other action plans [42,[47][48][49]. Nevertheless, the current resilience planning and risk reduction processes in infrastructure systems have yet to adopt measures of well-being to inform investment, resource allocation, and prioritization decisions and policies.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Human-centric infrastructure resilience: Uncovering well-being risk disparity due to infrastructure disruptions in disasters

Dargin

Mostafavi

2020

PLoS ONE

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The objective of this paper is to empirically examine the impacts of infrastructure service disruptions on the well-being of vulnerable populations during disasters. There are limited studies that empirically evaluate the extent to which disruptions in infrastructure system services impact subpopulation groups differently and how these impacts relate to the wellbeing of households. Being able to systematically capture the differential experiences of sub-populations in a community due to infrastructure disruptions is necessary to highlight the differential needs and inequities that households have. In order to address this knowledge gap, this study derives an empirical relationship between sociodemographic factors of households and their subjective well-being impacts due to disruptions in various infrastructure services during and immediately after Hurricane Harvey. Statistical analysis driven by spearmanrank order correlations and fisher-z tests indicated significant disparities in well-being due to service disruptions among vulnerable population groups. The characterization of subjective well-being is used to explain to what extent infrastructure service disruptions influence different subpopulations. The results show that: (1) disruptions in transportation, solid waste, food, and water infrastructure services resulted in more significant well-being impact disparities as compared to electricity and communication services; (2) households identifying as Black and African American experienced well-being impact due to disruptions in food, transportation, and solid waste services; and (3) households were more likely to feel helpless, difficulty doing daily tasks and feeling distance from their community as a result of service disruptions. The findings present novel insights into understanding the role of infrastructure resilience in household well-being and highlights why it is so important to use approaches that consider various factors. Infrastructure resilience models tend to be monolithic. The results provide empirical and quantitative evidence of the inequalities in well-being impacts across various sub-populations. The research approach and findings enable a paradigm shift towards a more human-centric approach to infrastructure resilience.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Human-centric infrastructure resilience: Uncovering well-being risk disparity due to infrastructure disruptions in disasters

Dargin

Mostafavi

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…mile). The two criteria were selected as previous analysis showed that (1) ignition rates are negligible at MMI VI or less (on a Mercalli intensity scale), and (2) fire following earthquake is a problem in dense urban areas. The value of 3000 persons per sq.km (7772 persons per sq.…”

Section: Ignition Model In Hazusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such interconnectivity between different aspects of a system leads to cascading effects. In many cases, an extreme hazard causes direct infrastructure and asset losses, while subsequent losses due to disruptions in operations and functions can exceed the direct damage [1]. If a city has to stay functional after a hazard and recover from the event, then the performance of individual elements, connectivity of critical infrastructure elements in the system, and cascading effects on the system should be incorporated in the design of the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-driven probabilistic post-earthquake fire ignition model for a community

Khorasani

Gernay

Garlock

2017

Fire Safety Journal

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“…Resilience of a community is not about remaining intact after a shock, but is about adapting and recovering quickly from extreme events (Hay et al, 2014). Functionality of a community after an extreme earthquake depends on functionality of its infrastructure and elements, namely, buildings and bridges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of fire following earthquake: historical events and community responses

Khorasani

Garlock

2017

IJDRBE

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Purpose This paper aims to present a literature review on the problem of fire following earthquake (FFE) as a potential hazard to communities in seismically active regions. The paper is important to work toward resilient communities that are subject to extreme hazards. Design/methodology/approach The paper lists and reviews the historical FFE events (20 earthquakes from 7 countries), studies the available analytical tools to evaluate fire ignition and spread in communities after an earthquake, discusses the available studies on performance of individual buildings under post-earthquake fires and summarizes the current literature on mitigation techniques for post-earthquake fires. Findings FFE can be considered a potential hazard for urban communities that are especially not prepared for such conditions. The available analytical models are not yet fully up to the standards that can be used by city authorities for decision-making, and therefore, should be further validated. Limited structural analyses of individual buildings under FFE scenarios have been completed. Results show that the drift demand on the building frame increases during post-earthquake fires. Despite the mitigation actions, there are still urban cities that are not prepared for such an event, such as certain areas of California in the USA. Originality/value The paper is a complete and an exhaustive collection of literature on different aspects of FFE. Research in earthquake engineering is well advanced, while structural analyses under fire load and performance of communities under FFE can be further advanced.

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Planning Resilient Communities

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Human-centric infrastructure resilience: Uncovering well-being risk disparity due to infrastructure disruptions in disasters

Human-centric infrastructure resilience: Uncovering well-being risk disparity due to infrastructure disruptions in disasters

Data-driven probabilistic post-earthquake fire ignition model for a community

Overview of fire following earthquake: historical events and community responses

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