Plant Abandonment by Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae: Do Bt Toxins Have an Effect?

Visser, A. de; Plessis, Hannalene du; Erasmus, Annemie; Berg, J. van den

doi:10.3390/insects11020077

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…Nonetheless, it must be kept in mind that S. nonagriodes may use these plants as refuges for short periods of time under adverse circumstances, e.g. to escape from Bt maize 76 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Sesamia nonagrioides on cultivated and wild host plants: Implications for Bt maize resistance management

Camargo

Arias-Martín

Castañera

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Sesamia nonagrioides is an important maize pest in the Mediterranean basin that is effectively controlled by Cry1Ab-expressing maize (Bt maize). The continued cultivation of Bt maize in Spain exerts high selection pressure on the target pests, which could lead to the development of resistance. Provision of refuges of non-Bt plants is an essential component in the high-dose/refuge (HDR) strategy to delay resistance evolution. Here we analyze the suitability of cultivated (rice and sorghum) and wild (Johnsongrass, cattail, common reed and giant reed) plants, reported as hosts of S. nonagrioides, for larval development and oviposition of this pest compared to maize, and we evaluate their potential role in delaying resistance development to Bt maize. RESULTS: Bioassays conducted with plant pieces or whole plants showed that the larval cycle could only be completed in the three cultivated plants and in Johnsongrass. Females showed a strong preference for ovipositing on maize in comparison with sorghum or rice. Although young larvae consumed more sorghum than maize in two-choice bioassays, both larvae and adults had a better performance (shorter larval period and higher pupal weight, fecundity and fertility) when larvae fed on maize throughout their larval stage than when they fed on sorghum or rice. CONCLUSION: None of the alternative hosts of S. nonagrioides tested here should be considered as natural unstructured refuges within the HDR strategy for Bt maize and this pest in Spain, as some of the necessary requirements to fulfill this strategy would not be met.

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“…Nonetheless, it must be kept in mind that S. nonagriodes may use these plants as refuges for short periods of time under adverse circumstances, e.g. to escape from Bt maize 76 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Sesamia nonagrioides on cultivated and wild host plants: Implications for Bt maize resistance management

Camargo

Arias-Martín

Castañera

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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Sustainable management of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith): challenges and proposed solutions from an African perspective

Nyamutukwa

Mvumi

Chinwada

2022

International Journal of Pest Management

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Bigger, Faster, Stronger: Implications of Inter-Species Interactions for IRM of Lepidopteran Pests of Bt Maize in Africa

Visser

Berg

2020

Journal of Integrated Pest Management

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A hypothetical scenario of mixed populations of Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was used as a model to investigate the potential effects of mixed populations of lepidopteran pests, on the design and implementation of insect resistance management (IRM) strategies for Bt maize (L.) (Poaceae) on smallholder farms in Africa. To predict the structure of such mixed populations in different agroecological zones, the biological and behavioral characteristics that affect the competitiveness of these species were identified and analyzed. Additionally, the validity of the assumptions that underlie the high-dose/refuge strategy was compared among the three species. Differences between the species, and the influence thereof on the choice of IRM strategy for a specific environment, were explored through analysis of three hypothetical scenarios. We suggest that the use of separate refuges as a component of an IRM strategy against mixed pest populations in smallholder Bt maize fields may be unwise. A seed mixture approach, coupled with an effective integrated pest management (IPM) strategy, would be more practical and sensible since it could limit the opportunity for a single species to dominate the species complex. The dynamic interactions in a multi-species community and domination of the species complex by a single species may influence moth and larval response to maize plants, which could lead to an increased infestation of Bt plants, and subsequent increased selection pressure for resistance evolution. This article provides insights into the unique challenges that face the deployment of Bt maize in Africa.

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Plant Abandonment by Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae: Do Bt Toxins Have an Effect?

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Performance of Sesamia nonagrioides on cultivated and wild host plants: Implications for Bt maize resistance management

Performance of Sesamia nonagrioides on cultivated and wild host plants: Implications for Bt maize resistance management

Sustainable management of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith): challenges and proposed solutions from an African perspective

Bigger, Faster, Stronger: Implications of Inter-Species Interactions for IRM of Lepidopteran Pests of Bt Maize in Africa

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