PLANT ANALYSIS BASED ON THE DRIS SYSTEM: PROGRAMMING INTERFACE WITH A CASE STUDY IN PLANTAIN CROP (Musa AAB)

Abstract

The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) is a tool to evaluate the nutritional status and obtain fertilizer recommendations of several crops. Unlike other methods, DRIS works directly with farmer’s information, focusing on understanding the nutritional balance of the crop. However, the selection of indexes is long and time-consuming. The objective of this work was to develop an algorithm to estimate reference and DRIS indexes for crops in order to facilitate the use of the DRIS methodology. The construction of the algorithm included four stages, (1) theoretical bases, (2) conceptual model design, (3) algorithm implementation, and (4) validation. For a database of crop yield and foliar analyses, the developed algorithm is divided into two subsets (high and low yield), estimating nutrient ratios and variability. For leaf sample diagnosis, the algorithm compares nutritional balance with highy-ield population, generating DRIS indexes numerically and graphically. A nutrient is imbalanced if its DRIS index in the graph is outside the whiskers. The efficiency and operability of the algorithm was tested with foliar analyses of fifty plantain crops distributed in two subregions of the Antioquia Department, Colombia. The developed procedure allowed determining quantitative and graphical information of the nutrient balance in foliar samples.

Use of the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) for Determining the Nutritional Balance of Durian Cultivated in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

“…We successfully determined the optimal nutrient range in durian leaf cultivated on the VMD (Table 4). In this study, the proposed nutrients (g kg −1 ) that are optimal for leaf durian are 19.8-26.0 N, 2.11-2.90 P, 17.4-24.6 K, 20.8-32.6 Ca, 3.81-7.30 Mg, and 2.21-4.40 S. These optimum ranges for durian leaves at the stage 2 months before flowering agree with the results of Poovarodom et al [13], who reported the standard concentrations (g kg −1 ) of N (20-24), P (1.5-2.5), K (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), Ca (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), and Mg (2.5-5.0) in durian leaf cultivated in Thailand. Another study [46] in Thailand showed that the average nutrient concentrations (g kg −1 ) in durian leaf were 19-23, 1.7-2.6, 14-18, 20-35, 4.4-6.9, and 2.4-2.7 (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S, respectively).…”

“…Leaf diagnosis is a complex method because it is affected by foliar age and other interactions, which directly influence nutrient uptake and distribution [14]. Various approaches are utilized to interpret the nutritional status of plants using leaf analysis, such as the identification of deficiency symptoms, determining the ratio of nutrients, or using the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) [17,18]. DRIS was introduced and developed by Beaufils (1957Beaufils ( , 1971Beaufils ( , and 1973) as a solution for tackling the difficulties inherent in diagnostic methods utilizing leaves [19].…”

DRIS formulas and PCA approach for evaluation of the nutritional status of walnut trees in the Hawraman area

“…The primary sampling material among the several tissues that should be taken into account for nutritional diagnostic purposes is leaves. The development of tissue analysis techniques made it possible to compare the outcomes of various soil-type fertilization trials [7,8] .…”