Plant Availability of Cadmium in Soils: I. Extractable Cadmium in Newly and Long-Term Cultivated Soils

He, Qi; Singh, Bal Ram

doi:10.1080/09064719309411231

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Sauerbeck & Styperek (1985) found that AAAc-EDTA extracted only slightly less Cd than aqua regia, which was often used as a measure of total soil Cd. He & Singh (1993) showed than when several soil extractants were tested as predictors of Cd concentration in oat grain, mixed grass, timothy and ryegrass, it was found that when all plant species were considered together AAAc-EDTA was the only extractant which did not show any significant correlation with plant Cd concentration. Andersson & Nilsson (1974) extracted soil which had been previously limed to give a range of soil pH values 4.8-7.2 with lMNH 4 OAc (pH 4.8) and 2MHNO 3 acid.…”

Section: Patumahoementioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of soil pH on cadmium phytoavailability in some New Zealand soils

Gray¹,

McLaren

Roberts

et al. 1999

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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The effect of soil pH on plant cadmium (Cd) concentrations was investigated in a glasshouse study, in conjunction with an evaluation of eight soil extractants as predictors of Cd concentrations in different plant species. Results showed that in general, increasing soil pH from 5.5 to 7.0 significantly decreased Cd concentrations in clover, lettuce, carrot, and ryegrass, and to a lesser extent in wheat, although the magnitude of the reduction varied between plant species and soil types. Soil extractants which were sensitive to soil pH e.g., 0.05M Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , IMNH4CI, and O.O5MCaCl 2 or extract moderate amounts of Cd e.g., IA/NH4OAC and 0.04M EDTA were found to be the most effective in predicting plant Cd concentrations. Cd solubility as predicted using a semi-empirical equation which contained terms forpH, organic matter, and total Cd concentration was also found to be successful in estimating plant Cd concentrations for a number of plant species. It appears that pH may be a powerful tool in the management of plant Cd concentrations, however its true potential needs to be evaluated in a field situation.

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Section: Patumahoementioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of soil pH on cadmium phytoavailability in some New Zealand soils

Gray¹,

McLaren

Roberts

et al. 1999

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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“…A number of long-term studies have examined the effect of addition of Cd with P fertilizer on accumulation of Cd by crops. In spite of an increase in Cd content of the soil with P application, the Cd concentration of crops was not increased by long-term P fertilization in a number of studies (Andersson and Hahlin 1981;Baerug and Singh 1990;He and Singh 1993). In a field study of the effect of 70 yr of P applications on Cd status of soils and plants, Jeng and Singh (1995) concluded there was a tendency for higher Cd concentration in grass plants from plots receiving higher amounts of P fertilizer.…”

Section: Fertilizer Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of the increase in Cd content of the soil treated with P fertilizer, the Cd contents of both straw and grain from plots without P fertilization were somewhat higher than from plots with low levels of P fertilization. Baerug and Singh (1990) observed increases in total Cd and He and Singh (1993) reported increases in DTPA-extractable Cd on soils that had been cultivated for many years. In both studies the increases were attributed to Cd added with P fertilizers.…”

Section: Fertilizer Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium accumulation in crops

Grant¹,

Buckley²,

Bailey³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

331

180

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Cadmium is a heavy metal present in soils from natural and anthropogenic sources. Plant uptake of Cd at levels present in the soil solution is dependent on a system that is largely metabolically mediated and competitive with the uptake system for Zn and possibly other metals. Much of the Cd taken up by plants is retained in the root, but a portion is translocated to the aerial portions of the plant and into the seed. The amount of Cd accumulated and translocated in plants varies with species and with cultivars within species. Soil, environmental and management factors impact on the amount of Cd accumulated in plants. Potential methods of reducing the accumulation of Cd in crops include reduction of Cd input to the soil system, site selection, management practices which decrease the concentration of Cd in the soil solution and its uptake and translocation by plants, and development and production of plant cultivars with the genetic tendency for low Cd uptake.

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“…A large number of extracting solutions have been used to assess plant available trace elements (Gupta and Aten, 1993;He and Singh, 1993). Single extractants may broadly be divided into three main classes: (i) weak replacement of ion salts (MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 , NH4NO 3 ), (ii) dilute solutions of either weak acids (acetic acid) or strong acids (HCl,HNO 3 ) and (iii) chelating agents (DTPA, EDTA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of extractability of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn with sequential extraction in contaminated and non-contaminated soils

Kashem

Singh

Kondo³

et al. 2007

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

108

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ABSTRACT:Various extraction procedures were employed for measuring extractable concentrations of potential toxic elements in soil. The extractability of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in four contaminated and four non-contaminated soils of Japan, was compared by single extraction (CaCl 2 , DTPA, NH 4 Cl, 0.1 M HCl and 1 M HCl ) and sequential extraction procedures [(six operationally defined chemical phases, viz. water soluble (F1), exchangeable (F2), carbonate (F3), oxide (F4), organic (F5) and residual (F6) fractions)]. Extractability of metals from soils samples varied depending on metals and/or extractants used. Among the extractants, 1 M HCl extracted the largest proportion of Cd (79 to 96% of total), Cu (61 to 83%), Pb (51 to 99%) and Zn (23 to 52%) from soils followed by 0.1 M HCl, NH 4 Cl, DTPA and CaCl 2 . In all the extractants, the proportion of extractability of metals was higher in the contaminated soils than the non-contaminated soils. Regardless of soils and extractants, relative extractability was higher for Cd as compared to other three metals. The use of 1 M HCl may be recommended for first-level screening of soil contamination with heavy metals. The other four weak extractants are believed to provide a better assessment of bioavailable/mobile metals content in soils than 1 M HCl extractant. However, 0.1 M HCl mobilized all four metals irrespective of soil types, therefore, might be the best choice if only one extractant is to be used. The sequential extraction procedures showed 22 to 64% of total Cd was in the mobile fraction (sum of F1 to F3), while the corresponding values for Cu, Pb and Zn in this fractions were 2 to 23% suggesting higher mobility of Cd than other three metals. The single extraction procedures are simple and easy to perform and obtained results are comparable with sequential extraction procedure.

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Plant Availability of Cadmium in Soils: I. Extractable Cadmium in Newly and Long-Term Cultivated Soils

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of soil pH on cadmium phytoavailability in some New Zealand soils

Effect of soil pH on cadmium phytoavailability in some New Zealand soils

Cadmium accumulation in crops

Comparison of extractability of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn with sequential extraction in contaminated and non-contaminated soils

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