Plant-derived smoke and smoke extracts stimulate seed germination of the fire-climax grass Themeda triandra

Baxter, B.J.M.; Staden, J. Van; Granger, Jean; Brown, N.A.C.

doi:10.1016/0098-8472(94)90042-6

Cited by 162 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The smoke was bubbled through distilled water (100 mL) in a glass jar for 45 min (Baxter et al 1994). This smoke extract was filtered through filter paper (Whatman No.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-derived smoke induced activity of amylases, DNA replication and β-tubulin accumulation before radicle protrusion of dormant Avena fatua L. caryopses

Cembrowska-Lech

Kępczyński

2016

Acta Physiol Plant

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Florets of Avena fatua (wild oat) did not germinate at temperatures from 5 to 35°C, nor did caryopses at 5 and above 15°C. Smoke-water (SW) was found to partly or substantially induce dormant florets and caryopses to germinate at temperatures from 10 to 25°C, whereby almost all caryopses germinated at 15 and 20°C. When florets were dry-stored at 25°C for 4 months, their dormancy, and that of florets was markedly or completely, respectively, removed at 20°C. Floret and caryopsis SW demand decreased with time of dry storage. Paclobutrazol, a gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor, completely antagonized the stimulatory effect of SW on germination of caryopses. Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) reversed inhibition caused by paclobutrazol applied alone or in combination with SW. SW enhanced a-and b-amylase activities in caryopses before radicle protrusion. SW increased a-amylase activity and reduced starch content more effectively in intact caryopses than in embryoless ones. SW enhanced btubulin accumulation and the transition from G 1 to S and also from S to G 2 phases before radicle protrusion. The results presented indicate that florets are more dormant than caryopses and less sensitive to SW at incubation temperatures from 20°C. Germination induction of dormant Avena fatua caryopses by SW required gibberellin biosynthesis. SW induction of dormant caryopsis germination involves mobilization of starch and cell cycle activation.

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“…The smoke was bubbled through distilled water (100 mL) in a glass jar for 45 min (Baxter et al 1994). This smoke extract was filtered through filter paper (Whatman No.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-derived smoke induced activity of amylases, DNA replication and β-tubulin accumulation before radicle protrusion of dormant Avena fatua L. caryopses

Cembrowska-Lech

Kępczyński

2016

Acta Physiol Plant

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“…The stimulation of seed germination by smoke and aqueous smoke extracts from burning plant materials has received much attention in fire-prone areas, primarily areas of Mediterranean climate, such as the Californian chaparral [1,2], the Cape region of South Africa [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and Western Australia [16][17][18][19][20][21] over the past 20 years. Consequently, plant-derived smoke or aqueous extracts derived from smoke or smoke water (SW) may have broad applications as tools in natural agriculture or ecological restoration, or for enhancing the conservation of threatened or rare species [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of smoke water and karrikin on seed germination of 13 species growing in China

JunFang¹,

Silva

2014

Open Life Sciences

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Plant-derived smoke water (SW), derived from combusted plant material, has been shown to stimulate seed germination and improve seedling vigor of a number of plant species from fire-dependent Mediterranean-type climate areas. The effects of SW on seed germination of 13 plant species from southern tropical and subtropical monsoon climate regions of South China are reported for the first time in this study using laboratory and pot trials. Among the 13 species tested, only Aristolochia debilis showed a significant positive response to commercial SW when diluted 1:10. Seed germination of A. debilis was also stimulated by 1-100 nM 3-methyl-2H-furo [2, 3-c] pyran-2-one (karrikin 1 or KAR 1 ) and by 10-1000 µM gibberellic acid (GA 3 ). GA 3 stimulated seed germination of Santalum album and significantly elongated the radicles of A. debilis while SW could not. The functions and/or metabolic pathways of Kar 1 and GA 3 are likely to be separate and/or distinct.

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“…The ash, charcoal and smoke used in these treatments were obtained from the combustion of thin branches from individuals of each species and each of the species was treated only with its own ash, charcoal and smoke. The methodology followed for applying the smoke treatments was that of Casal et al [7] based on De Lange and Boucher [10] and Baxter et al [2]. The seeds were incubated in plastic trays with a surface area of 210 cm 2 , adding perlite to favour humidification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination ofQuercus robur, q. pyrenaicaandq. ilexand the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal

Reyes

Casal

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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-This study is centred on Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica and Q. ilex that have a distribution area covering all Europe. Fire is a frequent ecological factor in many ecosystems, especially in those with Mediterranean climates. Our working hypothesis is that fire affects the germination process. An experiment was carried out testing the following treatments: Control, Smoke-5 min, Smoke-10min, Smoke-15 min, 60 ºC-5 min, 60°C-15 min, 90 ºC-5 min, 110 ºC-5 min, 150 ºC-5 min, Ash, Ash Dilution and Charcoal. The seed incubation was spread over a year. The germination rates of the Control are very high, especially in Q. ilex. Almost none of the treatments inhibit germination and only the Q. ilex seeds, when subjected to 150 ºC-5 min, show a marked inhibition. Q. robur and Q. pyrenaica take a year to complete their germination, while Q. ilex only takes 22 weeks. Probably, this reproductive behaviour is related to the climate characteristics to which the species have become adapted. Finally, fire does not determine the germination process, the recruitment of new individuals being independent of fire.Quercus / germination / fire / reproductive strategies / seeds Résumé -Germination de Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica et Q. ilex et effets de la fumée, de la chaleur, des cendres et des charbons. Cette étude est axée sur : Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica et Q. ilex, espèces qui sont représentées dans l'ensemble de l'Europe. Le feu est un facteur écologique fréquent dans de nombreux écosystèmes, spécialement ceux bénéficiant d'un climat méditerranéen. Notre présupposé est que le feu affecte le processus de germination. Nous avons réalisé une expérience destinée à tester les traitements suivants : témoin, fumée -5 min, fumée -10 min, fumée -15 min, 60º C-5 min, 60 ºC-15 min, 90 ºC-5 min, 110 ºC-5 min, 150 ºC-5 min, cendres, dilution de cendres et charbons. L'incubation des semences s'est étendue sur une année. Les taux de germination du traitement témoin sont très élevés, particulièrement en ce qui concerne Q. ilex. Presque aucun traitement n'inhibe la germination ; seules les semences de Q. ilex manifestent une inhibition marquée lorsqu'elles sont soumises à 150 ºC-5 min. Une année est nécessaire pour que les semences de Q. robur et Q. pyrenaica complètent leur germination, alors que 22 semaines suffisent au Q. ilex. Il est probable que ce comportement reproductif se trouve lié aux caractéristiques climatiques auxquelles ces espèces se sont adaptées. En définitive, le feu n'est pas déterminant dans le processus de germination, l'apparition de nouveaux individus étant indépendante de ce phénomène.Quercus / germination / feu / stratégies de reproduction / graines

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Plant-derived smoke and smoke extracts stimulate seed germination of the fire-climax grass Themeda triandra

Cited by 162 publications

References 15 publications

Plant-derived smoke induced activity of amylases, DNA replication and β-tubulin accumulation before radicle protrusion of dormant Avena fatua L. caryopses

Plant-derived smoke induced activity of amylases, DNA replication and β-tubulin accumulation before radicle protrusion of dormant Avena fatua L. caryopses

Effects of smoke water and karrikin on seed germination of 13 species growing in China

Seed germination ofQuercus robur, q. pyrenaicaandq. ilexand the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal

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