Plant extirpation at the site scale: implications for eradication programmes

Dodd, Aaron J.; Ainsworth, N.; Burgman, Mark A.; McCarthy, Michael A.

doi:10.1111/ddi.12262

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Various time periods have been proposed such as three years, based on a review of all eradication programs in New Zealand (Howell 2012) to five years (Rejmanek and Pitcairn 2002). Another reasonable suggestion is to monitor for the same duration as the seed bank longevity (in this case six to seven years; Dodd et al 2015). The New Zealand experience is that eradication is more difficult than initially anticipated, so it would be wise not to under-estimate the resources and duration required (Howell 2012).…”

Section: Eradication Program Feasibility Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term monitoring of recruitment dynamics determines eradication feasibility for an introduced coastal weed

Scott¹,

Batchelor²,

Webber³

2019

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Citation: Scott JK, Batchelor KL, Webber BL (2019) Long term monitoring of recruitment dynamics determines eradication feasibility for an introduced coastal weed. NeoBiota 50: 31-53. https://doi. AbstractBitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata) is a Weed of National Significance in Australia and has impacted a significant portion of the eastern coastline. Its discovery in Western Australia was, therefore, a cause for concern. Assessment and control of the isolated and well-defined population began in 2012. To assess the feasibility of eradication in Western Australia as a management outcome for bitou bush, we applied a rigorous data-driven quantification and prediction process to the control program. Between 2012 and 2018 we surveyed over 253 ha of land and removed 1766 bitou bush plants. Approximately 97 person-days were spent over the six years of survey. We measured the seed bank viability for five years starting in 2013, with the 2017 survey results indicating a decline of mean viable seeds/m 2 from 39.3 ± 11.4 to 5.7 ± 2.2. In 2018 we found only ten plants and no newly recruited seedlings in the population. No spread to other areas has been recorded. Soil core studies indicate that the soil seed bank is unlikely to persist beyond eight years. Eradication of the population in Western Australia, defined as five years without plants being detected, therefore remains a realistic management goal. The information generated from the documentation of this eradication program provides invaluable insight for weed eradication attempts more generally: novel detection methods can be effective in making surveys more efficient, all survey methods are not entirely accurate and large plants can escape detection, bitou bush seeds persist in the soil but become effectively undetectable at low densities, and migration of seed was unquantifiable, possibly compromising delimitation. Continued monitoring of the Western Australian population will determine how much of a risk these factors represent to eradication as the outcome of this management program. John K. Scott et al. / NeoBiota 50: 31-53 (2019) 32 A peer-reviewed open-access journal NeoBiota

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Section: Eradication Program Feasibility Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term monitoring of recruitment dynamics determines eradication feasibility for an introduced coastal weed

Scott¹,

Batchelor²,

Webber³

2019

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“…Invasive species impose significant stress on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems globally (Strayer 2010), threatening ecosystem integrity and biodiversity (Ricciardi 2007) and inflicting substantial management and mitigation costs and loss of ecosystem services. Successful eradication or containment of invasive species hinges on detecting populations in the early stages of invasion, which is often challenging, as newly established populations are typically patchily distributed with few individuals (Dodd et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental DNA sampling is more sensitive than a traditional survey technique for detecting an aquatic invader

Smart

Tingley

Weeks

et al. 2015

Ecological Applications

Self Cite

156

147

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Effective management of alien species requires detecting populations in the early stages of invasion. Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling can detect aquatic species at relatively low densities, but few studies have directly compared detection probabilities of eDNA sampling with those of traditional sampling methods. We compare the ability of a traditional sampling technique (bottle trapping) and eDNA to detect a recently established invader, the smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris vulgaris, at seven field sites in Melbourne, Australia. Over a four-month period, per-trap detection probabilities ranged from 0.01 to 0.26 among sites where L. v. vulgaris was detected, whereas per-sample eDNA estimates were much higher (0.29-1.0). Detection probabilities of both methods varied temporally (across days and months), but temporal variation appeared to be uncorrelated between methods. Only estimates of spatial variation were strongly correlated across the two sampling techniques. Environmental variables (water depth, rainfall, ambient temperature) were not clearly correlated with detection probabilities estimated via trapping, whereas eDNA detection probabilities were negatively correlated with water depth, possibly reflecting higher eDNA concentrations at lower water levels. Our findings demonstrate that eDNA sampling can be an order of magnitude more sensitive than traditional methods, and illustrate that traditional- and eDNA-based surveys can provide independent information on species distributions when occupancy surveys are conducted over short timescales.

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“…In spite of the large benefits that may be gained when eradication succeeds, whether it has much of a future as a weed invasion management strategy will likely rest upon a better‐informed and shrewder selection of targets. A recent study (Dodd et al ., ) has demonstrated how the probability of extirpation at the site scale can be estimated quantitatively, an approach that may lead to improved eradication success rates by directing attention to species and situations where the probability of eradication is relatively high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed eradication feasibility: lessons of the 21st century

Panetta

2015

Weed Research

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The past decade has seen strong controversy concerning the upper bounds for weed eradication. Over this period, two of the most ambitious weed eradication attempts ever have failed. These have, however, provided rich data sets that have supported a productive and highly collaborative research effort. I review this research and present a new algorithm for assessing eradication feasibility, based upon time to maturation, seedbank persistence and membership of one of two contrasting dispersal functional groups. Eight 'eradication syndromes' are identified and their relative eradication feasibilities indicated. The syndrome with the highest feasibility includes species that combine long juvenile periods and low seedbank persistence with short-distance and/or human-mediated dispersal. At first glance, this may not be a common syndrome. The syndrome with the lowest feasibility comprises plants that combine a short juvenile period and high seedbank persistence with abiotic or non-human-mediated biotic dispersal. It includes a number of aquatic perennials that can be dispersed over large distances by floodwaters. Projected costs for a programme targeting a plant species should reflect its syndrome membership. Improved cost estimates will support better decision-making with regard to programme initiation, maintenance and termination; models are available that can provide estimates of eradication programme duration and cost. Whether eradication has much of a future as a weed invasion management strategy will likely rest upon more timely, better-informed and shrewder target selection.

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Plant extirpation at the site scale: implications for eradication programmes

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Long term monitoring of recruitment dynamics determines eradication feasibility for an introduced coastal weed

Long term monitoring of recruitment dynamics determines eradication feasibility for an introduced coastal weed

Environmental DNA sampling is more sensitive than a traditional survey technique for detecting an aquatic invader

Weed eradication feasibility: lessons of the 21st century

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