Plant oligosaccharides — outsiders among elicitors?

Abstract

This review substantiates the need to study the plant oligoglycome. The available information on oligosaccharins - physiologically active fragments of plant cell wall polysaccharides - is summarized. The diversity of such compounds in chemical composition, origin, and proved biological activity is highlighted. At the same time, plant oligosaccharides can be considered as outsiders among elicitors of various natures in research intensity of recent decades. This review discusses the reasons for such attitude towards these regulators, which are largely connected with difficulties in isolation and identification. Together with that, approaches are suggested whose potentials can be used to study oligosaccharins. The topics of oligosaccharide metabolism in plants, including the ways of formation, transport, and inactivation are presented, together with data on biological activity and interaction with plant hormones. The current viewpoints on the mode of oligosaccharin action - perception, signal transduction, and possible "targets" - are considered. The potential uses of such compounds in medicine, food industry, agriculture, and biotechnology are discussed.

Formulation of Microbial Inoculants by Encapsulation in Natural Polysaccharides: Focus on Beneficial Properties of Carrier Additives and Derivatives

“…Particularly attractive for increasing plant growth and health are oligosaccharides derived from natural polysaccharides as they play the role of signal molecules regulating plant development and defense (Larskaya and Gorshkova, 2015). They can be obtained by enzymatic (Murata et al, 1993) and acidic depolymerization (Haug et al, 1966), and thermal polysaccharide treatment (Aida et al, 2010).…”

Pectic and Galacturonic Acid Oligosaccharides on the Postharvest Performance of Citrus Fruits

“…We also found that POs were effective in reducing NCPP regardless of the orange maturity stage although this factor may have an important effect on the efficacy and on the changes induced by postharvest treatments (Lafuente and Zacarías, 2006). The mode of action of the OGs in plants is still not fully understood, although a number of biochemical and molecular mechanisms operating at the cell surface and the subsequent signaling events are already known (Larskaya and Gorshkova, 2015). In the context of the present work it is important to mention that OGs are recognized by receptor(s) in the cell wall and plasma membrane, which elicits biological responses via a signal transduction cascade (Ridley et al, 2001).…”

Combination of green tea catechins, polysaccharides, and flavonols against urban fine dust particle-induced bronchial damage mediated by modulation of inflammation factors and airway cilia

“…Plant avonols exhibit anticancer, proapoptotic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti brotic effects [31,32,33,34,35]. Additionally, polysaccharides exert several health-promoting effects, such as antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-in ammatory effects [36,37,38,39,40,41,42]. Despite exerting these positive effects, green tea avonols and polysaccharides, unlike catechins, have received little attention with respect to their use and functionality.…”