Plant parameter values for models in temperate climates

Eckhardt, Klaus; Frede, Hans‐Georg

doi:10.1016/s0304-3800(03)00274-6

Cited by 327 publications

(219 citation statements)

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“…The parameterisation of PBMs tends to rely on direct measurement and literature reviews (Breuer et al 2003;Levy et al 2004), including meta-analysis (Medlyn et al 1999). The literature studies often show large variation for each examined parameter, causing large uncertainty in model outputs .…”

Section: Cultivar-specific Parameter Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Bayesian procedure for using process-based models in plant breeding, with application to ideotype design

Oijen

Höglind

2015

Euphytica

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Process-based grassland models (PBMs) simulate growth and development of vegetation over time. The models tend to have a large number of parameters that represent properties of the plants. To simulate different cultivars of the same species, different parameter values are required. Parameter differences may be interpreted as genetic variation for plant traits. Despite this natural connection between PBMs and plant genetics, there are only few examples of successful use of PBMs in plant breeding. Here we present a new procedure by which PBMs can help design ideotypes, i.e. virtual cultivars that optimally combine properties of existing cultivars. Ideotypes constitute selection targets for breeding. The procedure consists of four steps: (1) Bayesian calibration of model parameters using data from cultivar trials, (2) Estimating genetic variation for parameters from the combination of cultivar-specific calibrated parameter distributions, (3) Identifying parameter combinations that meet breeding objectives, (4) Translating model results to practice, i.e. interpreting parameters in terms of practical selection criteria. We show an application of the procedure to timothy (Phleum pratense L.) as grown in different regions of Norway.Keywords BASGRA Á Cold tolerance Á Genotype-environment interaction Á Plant breeding Á Process-based modelling Á Yield stability Terminology This paper aims to bridge two different plant disciplines, i.e. process-based modelling and breeding, so terms need to be defined. In modelling, we distinguish between plant parameters, which are genotype-specific constants, and output variables, which are plant characteristics that are predicted by the model and that vary between environments. Process-based models (PBMs) are dynamic models that represent physiological and morphological processes in plants, and their interaction with the environment. Simulation is the process of specifying environment and parameter values followed by running the PBM to calculate the output variables. In plant breeding, traits are measurable properties of plants that arise from the interaction between the genotype and its environment (G 9 E). The influence of the environment may be large for some traits (e.g. yield) or small (e.g. flower size). A quantitative trait is a property measured on a Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Cultivar-specific Parameter Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Bayesian procedure for using process-based models in plant breeding, with application to ideotype design

Oijen

Höglind

2015

Euphytica

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“…Sivapalen (2009) summarised the sources of uncertainty as; (1) model structure (Son and Sivapalen, 2007); (2) process representations; (3) parameter values (Beven and Binley, 1992;Eckhardt et al, 2003); (4) numerical solutions (Lane, 2003); and (5) data inputs (Tetzlaff and Uhlenbrook, 2005). The first three of these issues are related by the concept of model complexity, which originates from perceptual and conceptual models (Daniell and Daniell, 2006) (Chapter 2).…”

Section: Review Of Hydrological Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bruer et al (2003). Interception capacity ranges from 0 m to 0.011 m, using values from Bruer et al (2003) for different vegetation species.…”

Section: (Quartz)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bruer et al, (2003) gave a list of maximum rooting depths for various vegetation types, which could be used for this parameter. The response to soil depth would be slow, as soil development operates on centennial timescales.…”

Section: (Quartz)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the scenarios of vegetation cover, both soil and vegetation parameters were needed to be determined. The vegetation parameters were determined from Bruer et al, (2003).…”

Section: (Quartz)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

Pattison¹

2010

Role of Hydrology in Managing Consequences of a Changing Global Environment

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source• a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses• the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Most approaches to this problem aim to upscale from individual grid cells to whole catchments, something that restricts the complexity of possible process representation, produces models that may not be parsimonious with the data needed to calibrate them and, faced with data uncertainties, provides computational limitations on the extent to which model uncertainty can be fully explored. Rather than upscaling to problems of concern, this thesis seeks to downscale from locations of known flood risk, as a means of identifying where land use management changes might be beneficial and then uses numerical modelling to identify the kinds of management changes required in those downscaled locations. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to test an approach to understanding the impacts of rural land management upon flood risk based upon catchment-to-source downscaling.This thesis uses the case study of the River Eden catchment (2400 km 2 ) as a test (1) it was shown to have a significant impact on downstream flood risk; and (2) it had range of data and information needed for modelling land use changes.The second part of this thesis explored the land management scenarios that could be used to reduce flood risk at the catchment scale. The scenarios to be tested were determined through a stakeholder participation approach, whereby workshops were held to brainstorm and prioritise land management options, and then to identify specific locations within the Eamont sub-catchment where they could tested. There were two main types of land management scenarios chosen: (1) landscape-scale changes, including afforestation and compaction; and (2) corresponding to a 5.8% decrease in peak discharge. A key conclusion is that land management practices have been shown to have an effect on catchment scale flooding, even for extreme flood events. However, the effect of land management scenarios are both spatially and temporally dependent i.e. the same land management practice has different effects depending on where it is implemented, and when implemented in the same location has different effects on different flood events.

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Vegetation, land surface brightness, and temperature dynamics after aspen forest die‐off

Huang

Anderegg

2014

JGR Biogeosciences

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Forest dynamics following drought-induced tree mortality can affect regional climate through biophysical surface properties. These dynamics have not been well quantified, particularly at the regional scale, and are a large uncertainty in ecosystem-climate feedback. We investigated regional biophysical characteristics through time (1995-2011) in drought-impacted (2001-2003), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forests by utilizing Landsat time series green and brown vegetation cover, surface brightness (total shortwave albedo), and daytime land surface temperature. We quantified the temporal dynamics and postdrought recovery of these characteristics for aspen forests experiencing severe drought-induced mortality in the San Juan National Forest in southwestern Colorado, USA. We partitioned forests into three categories from healthy to severe mortality (Healthy, Intermediate, and Die-off ) by referring to field observations of aspen canopy mortality and live aboveground biomass losses. The vegetation cover of die-off areas in 2011 (26.9% of the aspen forest) was significantly different compared to predrought conditions (decrease of 7.4% of the green vegetation cover and increase of 12.1% of the brown vegetation cover compared to 1999). The surface brightness of the study region 9 years after drought however was comparable to predrought estimates (12.7-13.7%). Postdrought brightness was potentially influenced by understory shrubs, since they became the top layer green canopies in disturbed sites from a satellite's point of view. Satellite evidence also showed that the differences of land surface temperature among the three groups increased substantially (≥45%) after drought, possibly due to the reduction of plant evapotranspiration in the Intermediate and Die-off sites. Our results suggest that the mortality-affected systems have not recovered in terms of the surface biophysical properties. We also find that the temporal dynamics of vegetation cover holds great potential for assessing propensity of subsequent mortality during drought itself, which could provide effective monitoring and potentially a much needed "early warning" of drought-induced tree mortality.

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Plant parameter values for models in temperate climates

Cited by 327 publications

References 122 publications

Toward a Bayesian procedure for using process-based models in plant breeding, with application to ideotype design

Toward a Bayesian procedure for using process-based models in plant breeding, with application to ideotype design

Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

Vegetation, land surface brightness, and temperature dynamics after aspen forest die‐off

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