Plant Resistance to the Moth Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae) in Tomato Cultivars

Abstract

The resistance of 11 tomato cultivars (Ps-6515, Berlina, Poolad, Petoprid-5, Zaman, Matin, Golsar, Sandokan-F1, Golshan-616, Sadeen-95 and Sadeen-21) to the tomato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae) was investigated under field conditions. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications. Data analysis indicated that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) among cultivars regarding leaflet damage, leaf damage, overall plant damage, number of mines per leaf, number of holes on the stem, and fruit. Our findings revealed that the cultivars Berlina, Golsar, Poolad, and Zaman were less suitable cultivars, suggesting that they are more resistant to the tomato moth than the other cultivars. The high density of leaf trichomes present in the cultivars Berlina, Zaman, and Golsar can be one of the possible causes of resistance to T. absoluta. Knowledge of the extent of susceptibility or resistance of cultivars to a pest on a crop is one of the fundamental components of integrated pest management (IPM) programs for any crop.

Hierarchical and optimization methods for the characterization of tomato genotypes

“…Similar results to those obtained in this study were reported by Maciel et al (2011) and Dias et al (2013), who observed lower oviposition and number of T. absoluta larvae in tomato genotypes with higher acylsugar content. Sohrabi et al (2017) attributed the resistance of tomato cultivars Berlina, Zaman and Golsar to T. absoluta to the high density of foliar trichomes. Lucatti et al (2013) and Andrade et al (2017) associated the lowest amount of egg and nymph and consequently the resistance of the tomato accessions evaluated to Bemisia tabaci with the highest amount of type IV trichomes.…”

Comparative damage and digestive enzyme activity of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on 12 tomato cultivars

“…Based on a variety of life parameters, we concluded that the Korral cultivar was relatively resistant to T. absoluta, whereas the Valouro cultivar was relatively susceptible to this pest. In line with these results, many studies have reported that the life parameters of and damage caused by T. absoluta vary significantly when the pest is reared on different tomato cultivars, and that these variations may arise from differences in the quality and quantity of nutrients, phagostimulant factors, trichome density, and the abundance of secondary metabolites among cultivars (Pereyra & Sanchez 2006;Proffit et al 2011;de Oliveira et al 2012;Sohrabi et al 2016b;Ghaderi et al 2017). For example, at least three types of secondary metabolites, namely acyl sugars, zingiberene, and 2-tridecanone, are known in association with tomato resistance to T. absoluta (Maluf et al 2010;de Oliveira et al 2012).…”

“…These metabolites have been reported to negatively affect the colonization and the intrinsic rate of population increase in diverse arthropod species (Oriani & Vendramim 2010;de Oliveira et al 2012). Some recent studies have argued that tomato cultivars significantly differ in their susceptibility to T. absoluta (Oliveira et al 2009;de Oliveira et al 2012;Sohrabi et al 2016b;Ghaderi et al 2017), and that resistance to the pest is positively associated with the density of trichomes and the content of secondary metabolites (Proffit et al 2011;de Oliveira et al 2012;Sohrabi et al 2016b). For example, ovipositing females of T. absoluta are able to discriminate tomato cultivars according to their volatile profile and prefer specific cultivars that are more suitable as food for their larvae (Proffit et al 2011).…”

“…The integrated pest management (IPM) concept proposes the use of ecofriendly strategies, such as biological control and the use of resistant plants and cultivars, in combination with the application of selective insecticides for pest control (Smith 2005). Resistant plants are currently considered as a useful component of an IPM system, which can contribute to pest control, decrease pesticide application in agricultural systems, and enhance the efficiency of natural enemies on the target pest (Sohrabi et al 2016b). The diverse defense mechanisms of resistant plants fall in 2 major categories: (i) antixenosis (also called non-preference), which refers to a variety of morphological, physical and chemical tactics used by the host plants in order to deter insects from oviposition, feeding, seeking shelter, and colonization (Oyetunji et al 2014); and (ii) antibiosis, which is the ability of a host plant to negatively affect the survival, growth, reproduction, and other life parameters of the herbivore (Smith 2005).…”

Integration of resistant variety and biological agent to control tomato leaf miner,Tuta absoluta(Meyrick), under greenhouse conditions

“…Host plant resistance to insects is an alternative method to reduce pesticide use and the problems facing in a pest management system (Panda and Khush, 1995; Maluf et al ., 2010). Resistance of different tomato cultivars to T. absoluta in greenhouses and open fields were reported in previous studies (Gilardón et al ., 2001; Leite et al ., 2001; Sobreria et al ., 2009; Gharekhani and Salek-Ebrahimi, 2014; Sohrabi et al ., 2016, 2017). On the contrary, several species of natural enemies have been found to be in association with T. absoluta which among them, Trichogramma parasitoids were considered as one of the most effective biological agents for the management of the pest (Cabello et al ., 2009; Desneux et al ., 2010; Cherif and Lebdi-Grissa, 2013).…”