Plant Secondary Metabolites for Antifusarium and Antiphytophthora

Abstract

Plants produce secondary metabolites that are essential for survival of the producing plants such as to attract insect for pollination and defend against pest and environmental stress. Plant secondary metabolites are widely exploited by the mankind especially for medicine, one of which is to protect against infection by microorganism including fungi. Many medicinal plants have been traditionally used and/or studied for the fungicidal activity. Most of the plants studied or traditionally used as antifungi show antiphytophthora activity and some of them also active as antifusarium. Higher concentration plant extract is needed to inhibit the growth of Fusarium than Phytophthora. Considering the concentration in plant and activity as antifungi, eugenol is considered to be the most effective to be used as antiphytophthora and antifusarium. The presence of aromatic moiety, orthodioxy substitution, and double bond in the terminal of site chain is considered to be essential for the antifungal activity of the eugenol derivative.

Antifungal activity of Ageratum conyzoides extract against Fusarium oxysporum in Musa spp

“…Coumarin also was reported present in the leaves of Ageratum conyzoides as one of the antifungal compound along with the volatile oil compounds [16]. However, in this study, inflorescence have been the one which exhibits maximum inhibition on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum.…”

“…which are 72% and 56% respectively [13]. According to Sukrasno (2017) , the inhibition of the fungi might be due to the presence of antifungal compound in Ageratum conyzoides which have been reported to be coumarin [16]. Coumarin have been widely distributed in several plant families such as Asteraceae in which Ageratum conyzoides belongs [17].…”

Effects of Secondary Metabolites from Pea on Fusarium Growth and Mycotoxin Biosynthesis

“…It is well established that plant secondary metabolites could possibly reduce the growth and mycotoxin production in Fusarium species [13,14,22,23]. Hydroxylated polyphenolic compounds or flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom.…”

Phytochemicals as alternative fungicides for controlling plant diseases: A comprehensive review of their efficacy, commercial representatives, advantages, challenges for adoption, and possible solutions

“…These compounds can be utilized directly or as a starting point for developing more effective fungicidal chemicals [ 54 ]. Numerous plant secondary metabolites have been examined for their antifungal properties [ 55 ]. Table 3 , below describes in vitro and in vivo studies conducted on antifungal activity of compounds isolated from plants (structures given on Fig.…”