Plant-soil interactions in deserts

Schlesinger, William H.; Pilmanis, Adrienne M.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2691-7_9

Cited by 259 publications

(340 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…In arid and semi-arid ecosystems, numerous investigators have found spatial heterogeneity in soils to be characterized by the presence of resource-enriched patches that range in size from the crown area of a single shrub to wooded thickets others 1990, 1996;Schlesinger and Pilmanis 1998;Titus and others 2002). The development and persistence of such patches are often dependent on feedbacks between the biota, that is, herbivores as well as primary producers, and the resource in question, usually nitrogen and/ or water (Wilson and Agnew 1992;Schlesinger and Pilmanis 1998;Rietkerk and others 2002;Rango and others 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development and persistence of such patches are often dependent on feedbacks between the biota, that is, herbivores as well as primary producers, and the resource in question, usually nitrogen and/ or water (Wilson and Agnew 1992;Schlesinger and Pilmanis 1998;Rietkerk and others 2002;Rango and others 2006). Through biotic responses such as canopy development, transpiration, soil accretion, or litter deposition, enhancement in a limiting resource may alter other aspects of the environmental regime, for instance microclimate, infiltration, or water retention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest Resource Islands in a Sub-tropical Marsh: Soil–Site Relationships in Everglades Hardwood Hammocks

Ross

Sah

2011

Ecosystems

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Spatial heterogeneity in soils is often characterized by the presence of resource-enriched patches ranging in size from a single shrub to wooded thickets. If the patches persist long enough, the primary constraint on production may transition from one limiting environmental factor to another. Tree islands that are scattered throughout the Florida Everglades basin comprise nutrient-enriched patches, or resource islands, in P-limited oligotrophic marshes. We used principal component analysis and multiple regressions to characterize the belowground environment (soil, hydrology) of one type of tree island, hardwood hammocks, and examined its relationship with the three structural variables (basal area, biomass, and canopy height) indicative of site productivity. Hardwood hammocks in the southern Everglades grow on two distinct soil types. The first, consisting of shallow, organic, relatively low-P soils, is common in the seasonally flooded Marl Prairie landscape. In contrast, hammocks on islands embedded in long hydroperiod marsh have deeper, alkaline, mineral soils with extremely high P concentrations. However, this edaphic variation does not translate simply into differences in forest structure and production. Relative water depth was unrelated to all measures of forest structure and so was soil P, but the non-carbonate component of the mineral soil fraction exhibited a strong positive relationship with canopy height. The development of P-enriched forest resource islands in the Everglades marsh is accompanied by the buildup of a mineral soil; however, limitations on growth in mature islands appear to differ substantively from those that dominate incipient stages in the transformation from marsh to forest.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Resource Islands in a Sub-tropical Marsh: Soil–Site Relationships in Everglades Hardwood Hammocks

Ross

Sah

2011

Ecosystems

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“…63 Turnbull et al (2008a) hypothesized that the timing and strength of change in the structure 64 of the ecosystem (in particular the connectivity of soil properties) during the process of 4 degraded while positive plant-soil feedbacks create shrub-occupied islands of fertility 90 (Charley and West, 1975;Schlesinger et al, 1990;Schlesinger and Pilmanis, 1998). This 91 model was tested by Schlesinger et al (1996), who found that grasslands showed a fine- shrubland.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biotic and Abiotic Changes in Ecosystem Structure over a Shrub-Encroachment Gradient in the Southwestern USA

et al. 2010

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“…Creep and saltation processes mainly deposit particles within several meters to several hundreds of meters from the source. Erosion of these coarse particles can redistribute surface soils from shrub communities and open lands (Bolton et al, 1993;Reynolds et al, 1999Reynolds et al, , 2001Schlesinger and Pilmanis, 1998), and initiate the natural succession between shrub and herbaceous communities (Gillette and Pitchford, 2004;Okin and Painter, 2004;Sterk et al, 1996). In contrast to creep and saltation, fine particles are transported by suspension and result in the surface soils becoming coarser, with decreased nutrients, reduced moisture-holding capacity (Alfaro et al, 1998;Marticorena and Bergametti, 1995), degraded plant communities, and decreased biodiversity (Alvarez et al, 2012;Christie, 1993;Muller et al, 2013;Okin and Gillette, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeolian processes and their effect on sandy desertification of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: A wind tunnel experiment

Wang

Lang

Yan

et al. 2016

Soil and Tillage Research

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A B S T R A C TTo determine the contribution of aeolian processes to sandy desertification, we applied different wind velocities to soils from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that were subjected to the human activities such as wholesale destruction of vegetation. We then employed field investigations, soil sampling in the field, wind tunnel experiments, particle size analyses, and nutrient analyses. After the ground surfaces were crushed to simulate land degradation, the aeolian transport in this region varied from 0.00 to 43.49 g m À2 s À1 and was dependent on the particle size composition, and variation in the intensity of aeolian processes. During the aeolian processes our wind tunnel results show differences between the nutrient contents of the transported materials and those of the surface soils, and the loss of total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC) and total phosphorus (TP) varied between 0.00 and 8.81, 0.10 and 122.27, 0.00 and 1.14 g m À2, respectively. In addition, variations in wind velocities did not result in significant differences in the particle size fractions of the transported materials. On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, although an increase in human activity may trigger sandy desertification, the occurrence of sandy desertification was not significant in the early 21st century, and hence it is likely to be controlled by climate even though human impacts have undeniably exacerbated its effects.

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Plant-soil interactions in deserts

Cited by 259 publications

References 113 publications

Forest Resource Islands in a Sub-tropical Marsh: Soil–Site Relationships in Everglades Hardwood Hammocks

Forest Resource Islands in a Sub-tropical Marsh: Soil–Site Relationships in Everglades Hardwood Hammocks

Biotic and Abiotic Changes in Ecosystem Structure over a Shrub-Encroachment Gradient in the Southwestern USA

Aeolian processes and their effect on sandy desertification of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: A wind tunnel experiment

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