Plaque Formation of Dietary Isomaltulose in Humans

Ooshima, Takashi; Izumitani, A; Takei, T; Fujiwara, Taku; Sobue, S

doi:10.1159/000261238

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…All subjects (12 dental stu dents) showed lower plaque index values by mouthrinsing with SnF\ than that with distilled water. Furthermore, in our previous human study, the intake of palatinosc, a structural isomer of sucrose, has been shown to include significantly lower plaque deposition than sucrose [Ooshima et al, 1990], However, 2 of 15 participants showed more plaque accumulation in palatinosc-containing foods than those giv en sucrose foods. In the present study, clearly decreased plaque deposition was found in 34 of 35 subjects by mouth rinsing with OTE, suggesting that OTE possesses powerful antiplaque properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Reduction of Dental Plaque Deposition in Humans by Oolong Tea Extract

Ooshima¹,

Minami²,

W³

et al. 1994

Caries Res

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The inhibitory effect of oolong tea extract (OTE) containing polymerized polyphenols on plaque deposition was examined in 35 human volunteers. Thirty-five human volunteers, aged 18-29 years, who received extensive oral prophylactic procedures were requested to refrain from all oral hygiene procedures for 4 days, and to rinse their mouth with 0.5 mg/ml OTE solution in 0.2% ethanol before and after every intake of food and before sleeping at night. No restriction regarding meals was given during the test period, except to refrain from teas or coffee. Plaque deposition was evaluated after disclosing the teeth with Erythrocin at the termination of this experiment. The study was repeated 1 week after the first trial, but only 0.2% ethanol without OTE was used for mouthrinsing in the second trial. OTE was found to significantly inhibit plaque deposition in volunteers, although mouthrinsing with OTE solution had no significant effect on the number of mutans streptococci in unstimulated whole saliva.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Reduction of Dental Plaque Deposition in Humans by Oolong Tea Extract

Ooshima¹,

Minami²,

W³

et al. 1994

Caries Res

Self Cite

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“…Sucrose is the precursor for glucan synthesis that facilitates attachment of S. mutans to the tooth surface; subsequent fermentation of the disaccharide to lactic acid initiates the demineralization of tooth enamel. In this context, isomers of sucrose attract attention as potential substitutes for dietary sucrose (15)(16)(17) because they are about half as sweet as sucrose, are not metabolized (noncariogenic), and, in the case of palatinose and leucrose, are produced on an industrial scale (18,19). From the limited information available, one might reasonably conclude that the isomers cannot be translocated by the membranelocalized transporter EII(CB) of the sucrose-PTS or that intracellular sucrose-6-P hydrolase is unable to hydrolyze the phos-* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges.…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolism of Sucrose and Its Five Linkage-isomeric α-d-Glucosyl-d-fructoses by Klebsiella pneumoniae

Thompson¹,

Robrish²,

Immel³

et al. 2001

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Klebsiella pneumoniae is presently unique among bacterial species in its ability to metabolize not only sucrose but also its five linkage-isomeric ␣-D-glucosyl-D-fructoses: trehalulose, turanose, maltulose, leucrose, and palatinose. Growth on the isomeric compounds induced a protein of molecular mass ϳ 50 kDa that was not present in sucrose-grown cells and which we have identified as an NAD ؉ and metal ion-dependent 6-phospho-␣-glucosidase (AglB). The aglB gene has been cloned and sequenced, and AglB (M r ‫؍‬ 49,256) has been purified from a high expression system using the chromogenic p-nitrophenyl ␣-glucopyranoside 6-phosphate as substrate. Phospho-␣-glucosidase catalyzed the hydrolysis of a wide variety of 6-phospho-␣-glucosides including maltose-6-phosphate, maltitol-6-phosphate, isomaltose-6-phosphate, and all five 6-phosphorylated isomers of sucrose (K m ϳ 1-5 mM) yet did not hydrolyze sucrose-6-phosphate. By contrast, purified sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase (M r ϳ 53,000) hydrolyzed only sucrose-6-phosphate (K m ϳ 80 M). Differences in molecular shape and lipophilicity potential between sucrose and its isomers may be important determinants for substrate discrimination by the two phosphoglucosyl hydrolases. Phospho-␣-glucosidase and sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase exhibit no significant homology, and by sequence-based alignment, the two enzymes are assigned to Families 4 and 32, respectively, of the glycosyl hydrolase superfamily. The phospho-␣-glucosidase gene (aglB) lies adjacent to a second gene (aglA), which encodes an EII(CB) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar: phosphotransferase system. We suggest that the products of the two genes facilitate the phosphorylative translocation and subsequent hydrolysis of the five ␣-Dglucosyl-D-fructoses by K. pneumoniae.The discovery in 1964 of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar:phosphotransferase system (PEP:PTS) 1 by Roseman and colleagues (1) is a landmark in our understanding of carbohydrate dissimilation by microorganisms. Since the initial description of this multi-component system in Escherichia coli, the PEP:PTS has been established as the primary route for the transport and concomitant phosphorylation of a wide variety of sugars by bacteria from both Gram-negative (2, 3) and Grampositive genera (4, 5). In many species, including Bacillus subtilis, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6, 7), sucrose is accumulated via the PTS simultaneously with phosphorylation at C-6 of the glucopyranosyl moiety of the disaccharide. Intracellularly, sucrose-6-phosphate (sucrose-6-P) is hydrolyzed by sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase (8, 9) to glucose-6-phosphate and fructose, which are then fermented via the glycolytic pathway to yield primarily lactic acid.The structures of sucrose, its five isomeric ␣-D-glucosyl-Dfructoses (trivially designated trehalulose, turanose, maltulose, leucrose, and palatinose), and some related ␣-linked disaccharides are depicted in Fig. 1. In contrast to the many reports of sucros...

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“…Studies for other functions of palatinose is being researched and it is determined that palatinose has cariostatic effect and that palatinose-based oligomers improve mineral absorption and retention, and etc. [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%