Plasma Accumulations of Vitamin B6 from an Oral Dose in a New Reversible Model for Mouse Gut Injury and Regeneration

Abstract

<p align="justify"> Chemically based rodent models are used to assess the positive effects promoted by foods and gut microbiota on gut health. Lectins with enzymatic activity, such as type 2 ribosome-inactivating proteins, might also prove useful for exploring these issues. Sub-lethal doses of the lectin nigrin from Sambucus nigra L. to mice promoted reversible derangement of gut epithelium by induction of apoptosis of transit amplifying cells of the small intestine crypts in a time-dependent course. The present work seeks to study vitamin B6 accumulation in plasma from an oral bolus in a mouse nigrin model. 24 h after sub-lethal nigrin b treatment, there was clear body weight reduction associated to a notable increase in Evan’s blue stain accumulation in excised small intestine, an increase in myeloperoxidase activity, and a near 50% reduction in plasma accumulation of vitamin B6. Histological analysis of small intestine sections of nigrin b-treated animals also revealed significant derangement of intestinal crypts. Seventy two hours after nigrin b treatment, stain uptake decreased and vitamin B6 accumulation was almost restored despite villi derangement. Large intestine crypts were scarcely or not at all affected. Eight days after nigrin b treatment, vitamin B6 uptake and intestinal crypt structure had fully recovered. The nigrin b mice model supports the view that, under these conditions, the carrier-mediated vitamin B6 uptake component of the small intestine crypts is probably the most active when the vitamin is administered orally as a bolus. The findings provide insights into the suitability of the present mice model for nutritional or drug absorption studies in conditions of partially altered or injured intestinal mucosa. </p

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Two Lectins from Dwarf Elder (Sambucus ebulus L.) Blossoms Related to the Sam n1 Allergen

“…Lectins (i) are proteins with sugar-binding ability and usually sugar specificity; (ii) some have cell-agglutinating activity; (iii) are ubiquitous in nature; and (iv) are found in all kinds of organisms [11]. In particular, they are very important in plant foods, since they may interact with the gastrointestinal mucosa, thereby changing the profile of bacterial interaction and may promote changes in glycoprotein expression on the mucosa surface that may result in changes in nutrient uptake [12]. A number of lectins with protein synthesis inhibitory activity, known as ebulins, have been isolated from different parts of Sambucus ebulus , like fruits (ebulin f), leaves (ebulin l) and rhizomes (ebulins r1 and r2) [13,14,15].…”

Efecto de la administración intravenosa de nigrina B sobre la absorción de minerales, producción de malondialdehido y enzimas antioxidantes

“…Nigrina b aglutina células rojas de la sangre humana a baja concentración. Esta es una actividad que permite seguir la actividad y la eficacia del aislamiento de nigrina (Girbés y cols., 1993b;Jiménez y cols., 2013). Como se indica en la figura R1, la nigrina b promueve la aglutinación a 20,1 µg/mL.…”

“…de nigrina b 5 mg/Kg de peso corporal a ratones Swiss de entre 30 y 40 g provoca una disminución de un 5-8% del peso corporal a las 24 horas de la inyección de nigrina b. Esta disminución llega hasta el 14% a las 72 horas. A los 9 días se ha recuperado completamente el peso del animal, siendo prácticamente el mismo que el de los animales que no habían recibido ningún tratamiento en consonancia con datos ya publicados (Gayoso y cols., 2005;Jiménez y cols., 2013).…”

“…La actividad de la GSH-Px se expresará en U ml/mg proteína. Como puede verse en la figura R52 a las 72 h después de la administración IP de nigrina, se observa una regeneración total de criptas (que aparecen más numerosas y alargadas) y de los villi (Gayoso y cols., 2005;Jiménez y cols., 2013).…”

“…Todas las soluciones se prepararon con agua tipo Milli Q (Millipore), y se esterilizaron, cuando fue necesario, en autoclave (Stericlav-S 110 litros) a 120º C y a 1 atmósfera de sobrepresión durante 20 minutos.Los animales se mantuvieron en jaulas metabólicas, fueron cuidados y tratados de acuerdo con los criterios establecidos en la "Guía para el uso y cuidado de los animales de laboratorio", realizada por la National Academy of Sciences y publicada por el National Institute of Health(National Research Council, 1985).DSuperdex 75, tal y como se ha detallado previamente(Girbés y cols., 1993;Jiménez y cols., 2013).El aspecto de la corteza utilizada es el de la figura M1. En concreto, la nigrina b se acumula en la corteza verde inmediatamente subyacente a la corteza suberosa gris externa.…”