Plasma and dietary carotenoid, retinol and tocopherol levels and the risk of gastric adenocarcinomas in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Jenab, Mazda; Riboli, Elio; Ferrari, Pietro; Friesen, Marlin D.; Sabaté, Joan; Norat, Teresa; Slimani, Nadia; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Overvad, Kim; Boutron‐Ruault, Marie‐Christine; Clavel‐Chapelon, Françoise; Boeing, Heiner; Schulz, Mandy; Linseisen, Jakob; Nagel, Gabriële; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Naska, Androniki; Oikonomou, Eleni; Berrino, Franco; Panico, Salvatore; Palli, Domenico; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Tumino, Rosario; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Numans, Mattijs E.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Büchner, Frederike L.; Lund, Eiliv; Pera, Guillem; Chirlaque, María Dolores; Sánchez, María José; Arriola, Larraitz; Barricarte, Aurelio; Quiŕos, J. Ramón; Johansson, Ingegerd; Johansson, Anders; Berglund, Göran; Bingham, Sheila; Khaw, Kay Tee; Allen, Naomi E.; Key, Timothy J.; Carneiro, Fátima; Save, Vicki; Giudice, Giuseppe Del; Plebani, Mario; Kaaks, Rudolf; González, Carlos

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603266

Cited by 114 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This finding is further corroborated by an earlier study where serum level of vitamin A (a group of organic compound including retinol) and E (a group of organic compound including tocopherol) was also found to be lower in cases as compared to controls where low serum level of these vitamins was associated with 10.9 times and 5.6 times increased risk for oral cancer (Lawal et al, 2012). Inverse association of retinol and α-tocopherol have also been reported in other cancers such as lung (Klarod et al, 2011), breast (Shim et al, 2012) and gastric cancer (Jenab et al, 2006). The protective effect exerted by retinol and α-tocopherol could be explained by their role as potent regulators of cellular activities, thus having significant impact on oral carcinogenesis (Mukherjee et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

High Serum Level of Retinol and α-Tocopherol Affords Protection Against Oral Cancer in a Multiethnic Population

Athirajan¹,

Razak²,

Thurairajah³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: A comparative cross-sectional study involving oral cancer patients and healthy individuals was designed to investigate associations between retinol, α-tocopherol and β-carotene with the risk of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 240 matched cases and controls where subjects were selected from the Malaysian Oral Cancer Database and Tissue Bank System (MOCDTBS). Retinol, α-tocopherol and β-carotene levels and intake were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) respectively. Results: It was found that results from the two methods applied did not correlate, so that further analysis was done using the HPLC method utilising blood serum. Serum levels of retinol and α-tocopherol among cases (0.177±0.081, 1.649±1.670µg/ml) were significantly lower than in controls (0.264±0.137, 3.225±2.054µg/ml) (p<0.005). Although serum level of β-carotene among cases (0.106±0.159 µg/ml) were lower compared to controls (0.134±0.131µg/ml), statistical significance was not observed. Logistic regression analysis showed that high serum level of retinol (OR=0.501, 95% CI=0.254-0.992, p<0.05) and α-tocopherol (OR=0.184, 95% CI=0.091-0.370, p<0.05) was significantly related to lower risk of oral cancer, whereas no relationship was observed between β-carotene and oral cancer risk. Conclusions: High serum levels of retinol and α-tocopherol confer protection against oral cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

High Serum Level of Retinol and α-Tocopherol Affords Protection Against Oral Cancer in a Multiethnic Population

Athirajan¹,

Razak²,

Thurairajah³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Moreover, no detailed information on nutritional factors was available (e.g., intake of antioxidative vitamins, which may have a protective effect against gastric cancer; refs. [24][25][26]. It is plausible that such dietary factors could be associated with weight and level of physical activity, and obese persons tend to have lower blood levels of antioxidants (27,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass and Physical Activity and Risk of Gastric Cancer in a Population-Based Cohort Study in Norway

Sjödahl¹,

Jia

Vatten

et al. 2008

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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There is a relation between excess body mass index and overall cancer incidence and mortality, but the relation to noncardia gastric cancer is inconsistent. A high physical activity level decreases the risk of several cancers, but few studies have focused on gastric cancer. We conducted a population-based, prospective cohort study in Nord-Trondelag county in Norway. During 1984 to 1986, all adult residents were invited to participate in a health survey, where body height and weight were measured, and frequency, duration, and intensity of recreational physical activity, together with potential confounding factors, were assessed by questionnaires. New gastric cancers occurring during followup in 1984 to 2002 were identified by linkage to the Cancer Registry of Norway. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for age, sex, occupation, salt intake, smoking, and alcohol drinking. Follow-up of 73,133 cohort members (88% of all inhabitants) revealed 313 gastric cancers, including 264 noncardia cancers. No statistically significant associations were revealed between different levels of body mass index and risk of noncardia gastric cancer. A statistically significant 50% risk reduction among persons reporting at least a moderate level of recreational physical activity, based on a summary score of physical activity (hazard ratio, 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.9), and a dose-response relation was indicated (P for trend = 0.01). It is concluded that recreational physical activity might have a protective effect against gastric cancer. The sedentary lifestyle gaining ground in western societies might counteract the ongoing decrease in incidence of gastric cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(1):135-40)

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“…Within the EurGast collaboration (35)(36)(37)(38)(39) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (40,41), we had the opportunity to conduct the first prospective study on gastric cancer risk and folate levels measured in blood. Additionally, we included measurements of plasma cobalamin, total homocysteine (tHcy), methylmalonic acid (MMA), and the two common MTHFR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP; 677 C!T and 1298 A!C) to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the role of B vitamins in gastric cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Gastric Cancer Risk with Plasma Folate, Cobalamin, and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Vollset

Igland

Jenab³

et al. 2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Previous studies have shown inconsistent associations of folate intake and polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene with gastric cancer risk. Our nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort is the first prospective study of blood folate levels and gastric cancer. Gastric cancer cases (n = 247) and controls (n = 631) were matched for study center, age, sex, and time of blood donation. Two common single nucleotide polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene were determined, as were plasma concentrations of folate, cobalamin (vitamin B12), total homocysteine, and methylmalonic acid (cobalamin deficiency marker) in prediagnostic plasma. Risk measures were calculated with conditional logistic regression. Although no relations were observed between plasma folate or total homocysteine concentrations and gastric cancer, we observed a trend toward lower risk of gastric cancer with increasing cobalamin concentrations (odds ratio, 0.79 per SD increase in cobalamin; P = 0.01). Further analyses showed that the inverse association between cobalamin and gastric cancer was confined to cancer cases with low pepsinogen A levels (marker of severe chronic atrophic gastritis) at the time of blood sampling. The 677 C!T MTHFR polymorphism was not associated with gastric cancer, but we observed an increased risk with the variant genotype of the 1298 A!C polymorphism (odds ratio, 1.47 for CC versus AA; P = 0.04). In conclusion, we found no evidence of a role of folate in gastric cancer etiology. However, we observed increased gastric cancer risk at low cobalamin levels that was most likely due to compromised cobalamin status in atrophic gastritis preceding gastric cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2416 -24)

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Plasma and dietary carotenoid, retinol and tocopherol levels and the risk of gastric adenocarcinomas in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Cited by 114 publications

References 61 publications

High Serum Level of Retinol and α-Tocopherol Affords Protection Against Oral Cancer in a Multiethnic Population

High Serum Level of Retinol and α-Tocopherol Affords Protection Against Oral Cancer in a Multiethnic Population

Body Mass and Physical Activity and Risk of Gastric Cancer in a Population-Based Cohort Study in Norway

The Association of Gastric Cancer Risk with Plasma Folate, Cobalamin, and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

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