Plasma and Urine Kinetics of Erythritol after Oral Ingestion by Healthy Humans

Bornet, Frj; Blayo, Anne; Dauchy, F; Slama, G.

doi:10.1006/rtph.1996.0109

Cited by 56 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Ingestion of erythritol, sorbitol, lactulose, maltitol and Dtagatose have reportedly caused nausea in some subjects, presumably due to high fluid influx into the upper intestinal lumen (Lanthier and Morgan, 1985;Lederle et al, 1990;Beaugerie et al, 1991;Oku and Okazaki, 1996;Bornet et al, 1996a;Lee and Storey, 1999). Figure 1 clearly shows that laxation scores were dose dependent following consumption of single doses of erythritol and xylitol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Gastrointestinal tolerance of erythritol and xylitol ingested in a liquid

Storey

Lee

Bornet³

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objectives: To determine and compare the gastrointestinal (GI) responses of young adults following consumption of 45 g sucrose, 20, 35 and 50 g xylitol or erythritol given as a single oral, bolus dose in a liquid. Design: The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Subjects: Seventy healthy adult volunteers aged 18-24 years were recruited from the student population of the University of Salford. Sixty-four subjects completed the study. Interventions: Subjects consumed at home without supervision and in random order, either 45 g sucrose or 20, 35 and 50 g erythritol or xylitol in water on individual test days, while maintaining their normal diet. Test days were separated by 7-day washout periods. Subjects reported the prevalence and magnitude of flatulence, borborygmi, bloating, colic, bowel movements and the passage of faeces of an abnormally watery consistency. Results: Compared with 45 g sucrose, consumption of a single oral, bolus dose of 50 g xylitol in water significantly increased the number of subjects reporting nausea (Po0.01), bloating (Po0.05), borborygmi (Po0.005), colic (Po0.05), watery faeces (Po0.05) and total bowel movement frequency (Po0.01). Also 35 g of xylitol increased significantly bowel movement frequency to pass watery faeces (Po0.05). In contrast, 50 g erythritol only significantly increased the number of subjects reporting nausea (Po0.01) and borborygmi (Po0.05). Lower doses of 20 and 35 g erythritol did not provoke a significant increase in GI symptoms. At all levels of intake, xylitol produced significantly more watery faeces than erythritol: resp. 50 g xylitol vs 35 g erythritol (Po0.001), 50 g xylitol vs 20 g erythritol (Po0.001) and 35 g xylitol vs 20 g erythritol (Po0.05). Conclusions: When consumed in water, 35 and 50 g xylitol was associated with significant intestinal symptom scores and watery faeces, compared to the sucrose control, whereas at all levels studied erythritol scored significantly less symptoms. Consumption of 20 and 35 g erythritol by healthy volunteers, in a liquid, is tolerated well, without any symptoms. At the highest level of erythritol intake (50 g), only a significant increase in borborygmi and nausea was observed, whereas xylitol intake at this level induced a significant increase in watery faeces. Sponsorship:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…01. 1992, 1996aNoda et al, 1994). However, estimates for upper intestinal absorption and urinary excretion of erythritol in these studies are dependent on the urinary collection period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal tolerance of erythritol and xylitol ingested in a liquid

Storey

Lee

Bornet³

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Xylitol and erythritol are not completely absorbed, as most of the ingested xylitol passes through the small intestine and is fermented by bacteria in the large intestine, whereas erythritol is mostly absorbed (Ͼ90%) but then excreted by the kidneys (3,4,12). As a consequence, erythritol is better tolerated than xylitol, provoking less gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea and bloating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut hormone secretion, gastric emptying, and glycemic responses to erythritol and xylitol in lean and obese subjects

Wölnerhanssen

Cajacob

Keller

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

110

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“…Unlike all other polyols including sorbitol and xylitol, ingested erythritol is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the small intestine, not metabolized, and excreted unchanged in the urine [32]. Depending on the quantity ingested, approximately 10% of ingested erythritol may reach the colon [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythritol Is More Effective Than Xylitol and Sorbitol in Managing Oral Health Endpoints

Cock

Mäkinen

Honkala

et al. 2016

International Journal of Dentistry

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Objective. To provide a comprehensive overview of published evidence on the impact of erythritol, a noncaloric polyol bulk sweetener, on oral health. Methods. A literature review was conducted regarding the potential effects of erythritol on dental plaque (biofilm), dental caries, and periodontal therapy. The efficacy of erythritol on oral health was compared with xylitol and sorbitol. Results. Erythritol effectively decreased weight of dental plaque and adherence of common streptococcal oral bacteria to tooth surfaces, inhibited growth and activity of associated bacteria like S. mutans, decreased expression of bacterial genes involved in sucrose metabolism, reduced the overall number of dental caries, and served as a suitable matrix for subgingival air-polishing to replace traditional root scaling. Conclusions. Important differences were reported in the effect of individual polyols on oral health. The current review provides evidence demonstrating better efficacy of erythritol compared to sorbitol and xylitol to maintain and improve oral health.

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Plasma and Urine Kinetics of Erythritol after Oral Ingestion by Healthy Humans

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Gastrointestinal tolerance of erythritol and xylitol ingested in a liquid

Gastrointestinal tolerance of erythritol and xylitol ingested in a liquid

Gut hormone secretion, gastric emptying, and glycemic responses to erythritol and xylitol in lean and obese subjects

Erythritol Is More Effective Than Xylitol and Sorbitol in Managing Oral Health Endpoints

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