Plasma cell tumors with neurologic symptoms: Cytological findings

Abstract

Plasma cell neoplasms (plasma cell dyscrasias) are a group of entities characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of a single clone of plasma cells, typically producing a monoclonal immunoglobulin. These tumors can manifest as multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, plasma cell myeloma, or plasmacytoma. We report two plasma cell tumors, one of them presented with headache and diplopia, and the second one complained from low back pain. The aspirate exhibited numerous plasma cells in various stage of maturation and was initially diagnosed as extra-skeletal solitary plasmacytoma on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated monoclonal expression of light immunoglobulin chains together with demonstration of CD 38 positivity. Systematic approach such as bone marrow examination, serum protein electrophoresis, skeletal imaging, and urine examination for Bence-Jones proteins were performed for patients. With these investigations, one case was labeled as multiple myeloma with secondary solitary plasmacytoma in pituitary gland and soft tissue and another one as primary extra-skeletal solitary plasmacytoma. Although fine-needle aspiration is a reliable and rapid technique for initial diagnosis, further work-up and clinical follow-up of these patients is necessary to rule out multiple myeloma. Because of cytomorphological similarity between plasma cells and endocrine cells, EMP of sellar region may be confused with pituitary adenoma especially at the time of intraoperative consultation.

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Nasal Cavity Report of Three Cases With Review of the Literature

“…Amyloid deposition may be seen in 15%–38% of extramedullary plasmacytoma. Immunohistochemistry is used to establish clonality (2, 12). Wiltshaw classified soft-tissue plasmacytoma into 3 clinical stages, as follows: Stage I – Limited to an extramedullary site, Stage II – Involvement of regional lymph nodes and Stage III – Multiple metastasis (11).…”

High IFN-gamma and TNF production by peripheral NK cells of Colombian patients with different clinical presentation of Plasmodium falciparum

“…Parasite density was measured by counting the number of asexual parasites per 200 leukocytes, based on a mean count of 8,000 leukocytes per microlitre of blood (theoretical value). A slide was considered negative after examination of at least 300 microscopic fields [21]. …”

γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Increase Therapeutic Efficacy of Combination with Paclitaxel and Anti-ABCG2 Monoclonal Antibody on Multiple Myeloma Cancer Stem Cells in Mouse Model

“…[1][2][3][4] Patients with MM suffer from bone pain, anemia, renal insufficiency and repeated infection. [5][6][7][8] Although several chemotherapeutic drugs such as thalidomide-dexamethasone and bortezomib have been used in treatment of MM following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, these regiments fail to completely eliminate cancer stem cells (CSCs) that often show a high resistance to the drugs after initial responses, thereby eventual leading to clinical relapses.…”