Plasma chemical gasification of sewage sludge

Balgaranova, Janetta

doi:10.1177/0734242x0302100105

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Technically, this performance reduces the gasification times and enhances the quality of the syngas, since less oxidant compounds are required to complete reactions and, consequently, a richer gas in terms of hydrogen (H 2 ) is obtained. For example, Balgaranova (2003) demonstrated that a mixture of 94%vol of H 2 and CO syngas from sludge PTG can be obtained containing less than 4%wt of CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refuse derived fuel (RDF) plasma torch gasification as a feasible route to produce low environmental impact syngas for the cement industry

et al. 2015

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Plasma torch gasification (PTG) is currently researched as a technology for solid waste recovery. However, scientific studies based on evaluating its environmental implications considering the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology are lacking. Therefore, this work is focused on comparing the environmental effect of the emissions of syngas combustion produced by refuse derived fuel (RDF) and PTG as alternative fuels, with that related to fossil fuel combustion in the cement industry. To obtain real data, a semi-industrial scale pilot plant was used to perform experimental trials on RDF-PTG.The results highlight that PTG for waste to energy recovery in the cement industry is environmentally feasible considering its current state of development. A reduction in every impact category was found when a total or partial substitution of alternative fuel for conventional fuel in the calciner firing (60 % of total thermal energy input) was performed. Furthermore, the results revealed that electrical energy consumption in PTG is also an important parameter from the LCA approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refuse derived fuel (RDF) plasma torch gasification as a feasible route to produce low environmental impact syngas for the cement industry

et al. 2015

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“…Another problem appears when the waste contains in its composition heavy metals; using well known incineration for their utilization leads to formation of ash, which is itself a hazardous waste [19][20][21]. The latter environmental hazard is particularly dangerous in the case of recycling the sewage sludge of urban wastewater treatment plants [13].…”

Section: Waste-to-energy Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Plasma Gasification Technologies for Hazardous Waste Treatment

Zhovtyansky¹,

Valincius²

2018

Gasification for Low-Grade Feedstock

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The chapter is devoted to the development of technologies for the processing of carbonaceous wastes, including hazardous ones, using plasma energy sources. In particular, plasma-steam equipment provides complete environmental safety and high quality of the synthesis gas produced. Its application is also discussed to exclude the risk of environmental pollution by heavy metals, if they are contained in the recycled waste. The advantages of using oxygen instead of air as an additional reagent in gasification processes are underlined. It is shown that the proposed variant of the processing technology corresponds well to the general idea of numerous publications in the world scientific literature, known as the Waste-to-Energy. It has been shown that plasma equipment has significant advantages in terms of the commercialization of processes for the treatment of sewage sludge and some other hazardous waste.

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“…Sewage sludge has also been studied as potential source of energy [21][22][23][24][25][26], and as raw material for conventional [27,28] and nonconventional products [29,30]. In addition to these applications, sewage sludge can be also used as source of information to seek potential anomalous levels of exposure of a population to POPs: indeed, the dominant exposure route of POPs released by the most important sources (e.g.…”

Section: Journal Of Bior Emediation and Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeking Potential Anomalous Levels of Exposure to PCDD/Fs and PCBs through Sewage Sludge Characterization

M¹

2013

J Bioremed Biodeg

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An approach to detect anomalies in the exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) throughout the food chain is presented. The proposed method is useful also for preventing soil contamination by POPs that would require a remediation intervention. A steel making plant and its surrounding area were selected as a case-study. To investigate the possible effects of the plant on the settled population, sewage sludge samples from four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were taken: one of these was chosen as reference for the population exposed to the emissions of the mill; the remaining three plants were chosen to provide background information about the POP content in sludge. No clear anomalies in dioxins (PCDD/Fs) were detected for the potentially exposed population. In terms of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), the steel plant-influenced WWTP showed a total concentration between 2.7 and 4.8-time higher than the other plants; in terms of equivalent toxicity, only slightly higher concentrations were found for the steel plant-influenced WWTP. Therefore, if considering acceptable the daily intake from the diet of the unexposed population, the absence of a dioxin and dioxin-like emergency in the area of the mill is demonstrated. This method represents an innovative and technically simple tool to assess situations of permanent exposure to POP levels that are higher than the background. throughout the human body [16,12], showing the significant role of bioaccumulation. Journal of Bior emediation & BiodegradationThe presence of organic [17,18] and inorganic [19,20] hazardous substances in sewage sludge has been object of investigation in several studies. Sewage sludge has also been studied as potential source of energy [21][22][23][24][25][26], and as raw material for conventional [27,28] and nonconventional products [29,30]. In addition to these applications, sewage sludge can be also used as source of information to seek potential anomalous levels of exposure of a population to POPs: indeed, the dominant exposure route of POPs released by the most important sources (e.g. steel making plants) is the emission into the atmosphere, the atmospheric deposition to farmlands and pastures, the consequent contamination of the food produced, the intake by humans, the excretion, the transportation to WWTPs and the POP concentration in sewage sludge; thus, analyses on the POP content of sludge samples offer an alternative, inexpensive and technically simple approach to assess the existence of critical situations of exposure to POPs. Several studies focused on the ambient air and deposition monitoring in areas where steel making plants were present and highlighted their evident influence in terms of PCDD/F contribution in the surroundings [31][32][33]. The present study is then intended to propose a methodology, in order to detect anomalies throughout the food chain, as a consequence of the release of POPs in air from significant sources and their subsequent deposition to farmlands and pastures.This study focuses on a ste...

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Plasma chemical gasification of sewage sludge

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

Refuse derived fuel (RDF) plasma torch gasification as a feasible route to produce low environmental impact syngas for the cement industry

Refuse derived fuel (RDF) plasma torch gasification as a feasible route to produce low environmental impact syngas for the cement industry

Efficiency of Plasma Gasification Technologies for Hazardous Waste Treatment

Seeking Potential Anomalous Levels of Exposure to PCDD/Fs and PCBs through Sewage Sludge Characterization

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