Plasma-Cortisol and Immunosuppression in Protein-Calorie Malnutrition

Schonland, M; Shanley, B. C.; Loening, W. E. K.; Parent, M; Coovadia, Hoosen

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(72)91841-7

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Depression of humoral responses (27,28) and depression (28) or enhancement (29) of cellular immune response have been observed in studies of experimental malnutrition. However, the immune alterations may be related to changes in serum levels of glucocorticoids as found in children with protein calorie malnutrition (30) and in undernourished young rats (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) on immune response in rodents.

Luster¹,

Faith²,

Moore³

1978

Environ Health Perspect

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Studies were performed to investigate the effects of FireMaster FF-1, a chemical fire retardant consisting of a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), on immune functions in mice and rats. Animals received 22 daily treatments of 0.03, 0.3, 3.0, or 30 mg PBB/kg body weight in a period covering 30 days. PBB exposure severely depressed cell mediated immunity in both mice and rats at the higher dosage levels as indicated by depressed responsiveness of splenic lymphocytes to mitogenic stimulation by polyclonal T-cell activators. Additionally, humoral immunity was depressed in mice at the 30.0 ppm dosage level. Assays for humoral immune functions included antibody production, serum immunoglobulin levels, and mitogenic stimulation of splenic lymphocytes to a polyclonal B-cell activator. These studies indicate that PBB exposure can lead to suppression of both humoral and particularly cell-mediated immune responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) on immune response in rodents.

Luster¹,

Faith²,

Moore³

1978

Environ Health Perspect

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“…When atrophy of thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs is found in a toxicity study present at a dose level where there is also a reduction in body weight when compared with control animals, special emphasis should be given to the possibility that the atrophy is produced by undernutrition, 24,25 considering depression of cellular immunity as the most important factor in the morbidity and mortality of human patients with malnutrition. 26 The impairment of cell-mediated immune reactions may be related to increased serum levels of glucocorticoids as found in children with protein calorie malnutrition 27 and in undernourished young rats. 28 However, moderate chronic protein or amino acid restriction in mice and rats inhibits the humoral immune response, does not impair cell-mediated immunity, reduces the incidence of spontaneous tumors, and increases the resistance to transplantable tumors.…”

Section: Indirect Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Suppression as Related to Toxicology

Vos

2007

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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“…mal plasma cortisol levels and circadian rhythm in obese subjects and concluded there was no correlation between plasma levels of cortisol and weight of obese subjects 48,49) . Nutritionally deprived subjects generally show increased plasma levels of cortisol [50][51][52][53][54][55] . Energy deficiency causes marked changes in the metabolic and endocrine state of the human body [50][51][52][53][54][55] .…”

Section: Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutritionally deprived subjects generally show increased plasma levels of cortisol [50][51][52][53][54][55] . Energy deficiency causes marked changes in the metabolic and endocrine state of the human body [50][51][52][53][54][55] . Obese patients, after periods of starvation or reduced caloric intake or weight loss, have been reported to show either increased or normal plasma levels of cortisol 43,44,56) .…”

Section: Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifestyle, stress and cortisol response: Review II

Fukuda

Morimoto

2001

Environ Health Prev Med

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To prevent lifestyle related diseases, it is important to modify lifestyle behavior. The control of mental stress level and prevention of mental stress-related diseases have become one of the most important problems in Japan. To check mental stress level objectively during the early stage of stress-related diseases and determine appropriate coping methods, it is necessary to design a useful index for mental stress. Cortisol is a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. This is an essential hormone to human survival, and plays a key role in adaptation to stress. In another review, we concluded that cortisol appears to be an adequate index for mental stress.However, lifestyle factors such as alcohol drinking, smoking, lack of exercise etc., are strongly associated with mental stress. Thus, in this review, we focus on the relationship between cortisol and lifestyle.The present findings suggested that lifestyle factors; smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise, sleep and nutrition are strongly associated with cortisol levels, and it may be impossible to determine whether alterations in cortisol levels are due to mental stress.It was suggested that those lifestyle effects on not only mental stress itself but also cortisol levels should be considered, when assessing mental stress by cortisol levels.

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Plasma-Cortisol and Immunosuppression in Protein-Calorie Malnutrition

Cited by 43 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) on immune response in rodents.

Effects of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) on immune response in rodents.

Immune Suppression as Related to Toxicology

Lifestyle, stress and cortisol response: Review II

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