Plasma cortisol, PRL, ACTH, AVP and corticotrophin releasing hormone responses to direct current cardioversion and electroconvulsive therapy

Florkowski, Chris; Crozier, Ian; Nightingale, Sarah; Evans, Margaret J.; Ellis, M. J.; Joyce, Peter R.; Donald, R. A.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.642464.x

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Our data do not support the hypothesis that neuroactive steroids determine the long-term beneficial effects of ECT in depressive disorders, although an effect of ECT on brain concentrations of neuroactive steroids cannot be excluded. Thus, other effects including a potential impact of ECT on the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) system, such as an acute stimulatory effect (Florkowski et al, 1996) and a long-term reduction of HPA axis overdrive (Grunhaus et al, 1987), or effects on neurotrophic factors (Altar, 1999;Smith et al, 1997), are more likely contributing factors for the clinical efficacy of ECT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Concentrations of Neuroactive Steroids before and after Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depression

Baghai

Michele

Schüle

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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There is evidence that both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma concentrations of 3a-reduced neuroactive steroids are decreased in major depressive disorder. Successful antidepressant pharmacotherapy, for example, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), over several weeks is accompanied by an increase in CSF and plasma concentrations of these neuroactive steroids. However, no such increase has been observed during nonpharmacological treatments such as partial sleep deprivation or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. In order to investigate whether concentration changes in neuroactive steroids are an important component of clinically effective antidepressant treatment, we examined plasma concentrations of the neuroactive steroids 3a,5a-tetrahydroprogesterone, 3a,5b-tetrahydroprogesterone, 3b,5a-tetrahydroprogesterone, and their precursors progesterone, 5a-dihydroprogesterone, and 5b-dihydroprogesterone in 31 pharmacotherapy-resistant depressed in-patients before and after unilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as a monotherapy over 4 weeks. Samples were quantified for neuroactive steroids by means of a highly sensitive and specific combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. In all, 51.6% of the patients were treatment responders. There was no influence of ECT on the plasma concentrations of any neuroactive steroid studied. Moreover, neuroactive steroid levels did not differ between treatment responders and nonresponders. Our study shows that changes in neuroactive steroid plasma levels are not a mandatory factor for successful antidepressant treatment by ECT. Thus, the previously observed changes in plasma concentrations of neuroactive steroids following treatment with antidepressants such as SSRIs more likely reflect distinct pharmacological properties of these compounds rather than clinical improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Concentrations of Neuroactive Steroids before and after Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depression

Baghai

Michele

Schüle

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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show abstract

“…No change in corticoreleasing factor in blood was found after ECT (Widerlöw et al, 1989;Florkowski et al, 1996) but plasma levels of corticotropin increased (Widerlöw et al, 1989).…”

Section: Hormones and Neuropeptidesmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Cell growth Scott et al (2000), Madsen et al (2002); increase Synaptic connectivity Gombos et al (1999); increase Stewart and Reid (1993); Reid and Stewart (1997); increase Florkowski et al (1996); increase GH Abrams (1992); inconsistent Prolactin Florkowski et al (1996), Fink and Nemeroff (1989), Fink (1989), Abrams and Swartz (1985) Sackeim et al (1986), Abrams and Swartz (1985) TSH Aperia et al (1985), Fink and Nemeroff (1989) Bergsholm (1999), Ishihara et al (1999); 5-HT-, NA-, cholinergic-, glutaminergic-and GABAergic systems, adenosin. A1-receptor 5-HT2A, decrease in sensitivity, (Plein and bark, 2000) Activation of 5-HT and DA transmission, Yoshida et al (1998), Juckel et al (1999); stim.…”

Section: Neurotrophic Factorsfcell Growth and Neuroplasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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ECT of Major Depressed Patients in Relation to Biological and Clinical Variables: A Brief Overview

Wahlund¹,

Rosen²

2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The knowledge that spontaneous or induced convulsions can improve mental disorders has been present for several centuries. electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has undergone fundamental changes since its introduction, and in the last 15-20 years there has been a legitimate renewal of interest for this therapy. Today the indications for use of ECT seem well codified, and its technique and practices have evolved considerably. It is now firmly established as an important and effective method of treating certain severe forms of depression. However, still very little is known about the mechanism of ECT. In this paper, first, we will give a short overview as to how far we have got concerning ECT in relation to various clinical and biological variables. Second, we will describe ECT in relation to electroencephalographic (EEG) technique and clinical outcome as well as give some proposals as to how to go on with the data analysis of EEG. In conclusion, the superior effect of ECT compared to other antidepressives in severe depression may depend on neurochemical and neurobiological cascade effects initiated by repeated treatments. Above all, ECT offers a unique experimental opportunity to study how neuromodulation of the major transmitter systems may be involved in brain dynamics and alteration of connectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology (2003) 28, S21-S26.

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“…For acute metabolic effects of ECT, it was reported that cholesterol and glucose levels are increased 20 min after ECT. 2 ECT may increase glucose levels via cortisol, 3 norepinephrine 4 or insulin. 5 The mechanisms linking ECT and changes in blood lipids are unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Case of elderly patient who developed hallucinations upon administration of oseltamivir

Yamamoto

Inada

2014

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Plasma cortisol, PRL, ACTH, AVP and corticotrophin releasing hormone responses to direct current cardioversion and electroconvulsive therapy

Abstract: Significant hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activation and PRL release occur in response to both cardioversion and ECT. AVP may have an important role in mediating the acute ACTH response to electrical stimulation.

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Plasma Concentrations of Neuroactive Steroids before and after Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depression

Plasma Concentrations of Neuroactive Steroids before and after Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depression

ECT of Major Depressed Patients in Relation to Biological and Clinical Variables: A Brief Overview

Case of elderly patient who developed hallucinations upon administration of oseltamivir

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