Plasma esterases in cystic fibrosis: the impact of a respiratory exacerbation and its treatment

Abou-Hatab, Khaled; Nixon, Lisette Sheena; O'Mahony, M Sinead; Newsway, Vicky; Patel, Sarju; Shale, Dennis J.; Woodhouse, K.W.

doi:10.1007/s002280050578

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A decline in plasma cholinergic activity was reported previously in a small sample of individuals submitted to a major surgical trauma [12] although differences were not found following minor surgical procedures [13]. Lower plasma cholinesterase activity has been associated with elevated proinflammatory markers in the circulation during acute illness [14,15] and following inoculation to peripheral lipopolysaccharide suggesting a significant immune−cholinergic interaction [16,17]. Thus, the decrement observed in our study is likely related to the pathophysiological response to acute surgical trauma, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Low preoperative plasma cholinesterase activity as a risk marker of postoperative delirium in elderly patients

et al. 2011

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Low preoperative plasma cholinesterase activity as a risk marker of postoperative delirium in elderly patients

et al. 2011

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“…Three in vitro studies examined the in vitro acetylation activity in blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes), with one study reporting higher activities in erythrocytes and peripheral blood cells in plwCF, wheres two other studies could not reproduce these findings in erythrocytes 43 and peripheral mononuclear leukocytes, 44 respectively. One study noted significantly lower plasma esterase activities in plwCF undergoing a pulmonary exacerbation compared to controls 45 . These data are too sparse to draw conclusions about alterations of drug‐metabolizing enzymes in plwCF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study noted significantly lower plasma esterase activities in plwCF undergoing a pulmonary exacerbation compared to controls. 45 These data are too sparse to draw conclusions about alterations of drug-metabolizing enzymes in plwCF. Therefore, studies designed to determine the activity of specific isoenzymes through selective probes and their metabolites were identified.…”

Section: Activity Of Drug-metabolizing Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered intravenous drug disposition in people living with cystic fibrosis: A meta‐analysis integrating top‐down and bottom‐up data

Sutter

Haeverbeke

Braeckel

et al. 2022

CPT Pharmacom & Syst Pharma

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) has been linked to altered drug disposition in various studies.However, the magnitude of these changes, influencing factors, and underlying mechanisms remain a matter of debate. The primary aim of this work was therefore to quantify changes in drug disposition (top-down) and the pathophysiological parameters known to affect pharmacokinetics (PKs; bottom-up). This was done through meta-analyses and meta-regressions in addition to theoretical PK simulations. Volumes of distribution and clearances were found to be elevated in people living with CF. These increases were larger in studies which included patients with pulmonary exacerbations. Differences in clearance were smaller in more recent studies and when results were normalized to body surface area or lean body mass instead of body weight. For the physiological parameters investigated, measured glomerular filtration rate and serum cytokine concentrations were found to be elevated in people living with CF, whereas serum albumin and creatinine levels were decreased. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms for these alterations relate to renal hyperfiltration, increases in free fraction, and inflammation. No differences were detected for cardiac output, body fat, fat free mass, hematocrit, creatinine clearance, and the activity of drug metabolizing enzymes. These findings imply that, in general, lower total plasma concentrations of drugs can be expected in people living with CF, especially when pulmonary exacerbations are present. Given the potential effect of CF on plasma protein binding and the variability in outcome observed between studies, the clinical relevance of adapting existing dosage regimens should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

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“…The cholinergic pathway acts as a predictor of the individual variation in the systemic inflammatory response to infection; thus, by modulating systemic inflammation, the cholinergic system can indirectly affect brain function. ( 31 ) Lower plasma AChE activity has been associated with higher levels of proinflammatory markers during acute illness, ( 32 , 33 ) and the metabolism of acetylcholine can be altered by inflammation. ( 10 , 32 , 33 ) Additionally, similar to the peripheral cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, acetylcholine and nicotine ( 34 ) modulate lipopolysaccharide -induced tumor necrosis factor release from microglia through the activation of acetylcholine receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline acetylcholinesterase activity and serotonin plasma levels are not associated with delirium in critically ill patients

Tomasi¹,

Salluh

Soares

et al. 2015

Revista Brasileira De Terapia Intensiva

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma serotonin levels or acetylcholinesterase activities determined upon intensive care unit admission could predict the occurrence of acute brain dysfunction in intensive care unit patients.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted with a sample of 77 non-consecutive patients observed between May 2009 and September 2010. Delirium was determined using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit tool, and the acetylcholinesterase and serotonin measurements were determined from blood samples collected up to a maximum of 24 h after the admission of the patient to the intensive care unit.ResultsIn the present study, 38 (49.6%) patients developed delirium during their intensive care unit stays. Neither serum acetylcholinesterase activity nor serotonin level was independently associated with delirium. No significant correlations of acetylcholinesterase activity or serotonin level with delirium/coma-free days were observed, but in the patients who developed delirium, there was a strong negative correlation between the acetylcholinesterase level and the number of delirium/coma-free days, indicating that higher acetylcholinesterase levels are associated with fewer days alive without delirium or coma. No associations were found between the biomarkers and mortality.ConclusionsNeither serum acetylcholinesterase activity nor serotonin level was associated with delirium or acute brain dysfunction in critically ill patients. Sepsis did not modify these relationships.

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Plasma esterases in cystic fibrosis: the impact of a respiratory exacerbation and its treatment

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Low preoperative plasma cholinesterase activity as a risk marker of postoperative delirium in elderly patients

Low preoperative plasma cholinesterase activity as a risk marker of postoperative delirium in elderly patients

Altered intravenous drug disposition in people living with cystic fibrosis: A meta‐analysis integrating top‐down and bottom‐up data

Baseline acetylcholinesterase activity and serotonin plasma levels are not associated with delirium in critically ill patients

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