Plasma fatty acid patterns reflect dietary habits and metabolic health: A cross‐sectional study

Li, Kaifeng; Brennan, Lorraine; McNulty, Breige; Bloomfield, Jack F.; Duff, D. J.; Devlin, Niamh; Gibney, Michael J.; Flynn, Albert; Walton, Janette; Nugent, Anne P.

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201500711

Cited by 30 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported FA patterns, derived from different components of blood and tissue in association with obesity 29 and the MetS, 22,30 but not with dietary patterns. These patterns were generated by varying numbers of FAs ranging from nine to 34 FAs, 22,29,30 and some included estimated desaturase activities, 30 by means of use of factor 29,30 and cluster 22 analysis. Consequently, these derived patterns differed from that obtained in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…13 Positive associations of serum phospholipid C20:3n-6 with BMI, as well as total n-6 PUFAs with waist:hip ratio were also documented in a study of Mexican women. 17 Some studies also report positive associations of specific plasma phospholipids n-6 PUFAs with metabolic risk, 18,22 while other studies report inverse associations of total n-6 PUFAs in erythrocytes and serum, respectively, with the MetS. 23,24 Due to inconsistent results in different studies relating to circulating n-6 PUFAs, further research to understand their role in association with obesity and the MetS is highly recommended.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 FA patterns from adipose tissue and plasma have been employed to describe associations of FAs with obesity 29 and the MetS. 22,30 Despite the extensive use of plasma FAs in research, there is limited epidemiological research on the use of both dietary and circulating FA patterns in association with obesity and the MetS in black populations in Africa. To address the key gaps in the current knowledge, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations of dietary and plasma phospholipid FA patterns with adiposity measures [BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)] and the MetS in a selected group of black South African adults.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plasma phospholipid fatty acid patterns are associated with adiposity and the metabolic syndrome in black South Africans: a cross-sectional study

Ojwang

Kruger

Zec

et al. 2019

CVJA

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Background: Diets rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) have been associated with increased risk of obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the evidence is inconsistent, whereas diets high in n-3 long-chain (LC)-PUFAs are associated with lower risk. There is limited information about the association of plasma phospholipid fatty acids (FAs) with obesity and the MetS among black South Africans. Objective: To investigate the association of dietary FAs and plasma phospholipid FA patterns, respectively, with measures of adiposity (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-toheight ratio) and the MetS in black South Africans. Methods: Factor analysis was used to identify FA patterns from 11 dietary FAs and 26 individual plasma phospholipid FAs. Cross-sectional association of the identified patterns with measures of adiposity and the MetS was investigated. A random sample of 711 black South African adults aged 30 to 70 years (273 men, 438 women) from the North West Province was selected from the South African leg of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Sequential regression models adjusted for confounders were applied to investigate the association between dietary FAs and plasma phospholipid FA patterns with measures of adiposity and the MetS. Results: Two patterns were derived from dietary FAs and six patterns from plasma phospholipid FAs that explained the cumulative variance of 89 and 73%, respectively. The association of FA patterns with adiposity and the MetS was weaker for dietary FA patterns than for plasma phospholipid FA patterns. The plasma phospholipid FA pattern with high loadings of saturated FAs (high-Satfat) and another with high loadings of n-3 very-long-chain PUFAs (n-3 VLC-PUFAs) were positively associated with measures of adiposity and the MetS, while patterns with positive loadings of LC monounsaturated fatty acids (n-9 LC-MUFA) and a positive loading of n-3 essential FAs (n-3 EFA) showed inverse associations with the MetS and some measures of adiposity. Conclusions: The n-9 LC-MUFA and n-3 EFA patterns seemed to provide possible protective associations with adiposity and the MetS, whereas the high-Satfat and n-3 VLC-PUFA patterns were associated with adiposity and the MetS in our study participants. The results are reflective of the metabolic difference between overweight and obese compared to lean individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Plasma phospholipid fatty acid patterns are associated with adiposity and the metabolic syndrome in black South Africans: a cross-sectional study

Ojwang

Kruger

Zec

et al. 2019

CVJA

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“…Participants in the present study also provided a fasting blood sample. Collection and processing of blood samples has previously been described .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants in the present study also provided a fasting blood sample. Collection and processing of blood samples has previously been described [38,40]. Anthropometric measurements were also taken by the researcher in the participant's home and included weight (kg), height (m) and body composition.…”

Section: Dietary Data Collection Biofluid Collection and Anthropometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic‐based identification of clusters that reflect dietary patterns

Gibbons

Carr

McNulty

et al. 2017

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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(no more than 200 words)1 Scope: Classification of subjects into dietary patterns generally relies on self-reporting 2 dietary data which are prone to error. The aim of the present study was to develop a model 3 for objective classification of people into dietary patterns based on metabolomic data. 4Methods and results: Dietary and urinary metabolomic data from the National Adult 5 Nutrition Survey (NANS) was used in the analysis (n=567). Two-step cluster analysis was 6 applied to the urinary data to identify clusters. The subsequent model was used in an 7 independent cohort to classify people into dietary patterns. Two distinct dietary patterns were 8 identified. Cluster 1 was characterized by significantly higher intakes of breakfast cereals, 9 low fat and skimmed milks, potatoes, fruit and fish, fish dishes (P<0.05) representing a 10 "healthy" cluster. Cluster 2 had significantly higher intakes of chips/processed potatoes, meat 11 products, savory snacks and high-energy beverages (P<0.05) representing an "unhealthy 12 cluster". Classification was supported by significant differences in nutrient status (P<0.05). 13Validation in an independent group revealed that 94% of subjects were correctly classified.

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Adiposity Associated Plasma Linoleic Acid is Related to Demographic, Metabolic Health and Haplotypes of FADS1/2 Genes in Irish Adults

Brennan

Bloomfield

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Plasma fatty acid patterns reflect dietary habits and metabolic health: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract: Distinct fatty acid patterns were identified which were related to demographics, dietary habits, and metabolic profile. A pattern higher in VLCSFA and lower in ALA was associated with healthier metabolic outcome.

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Plasma phospholipid fatty acid patterns are associated with adiposity and the metabolic syndrome in black South Africans: a cross-sectional study

Plasma phospholipid fatty acid patterns are associated with adiposity and the metabolic syndrome in black South Africans: a cross-sectional study

Metabolomic‐based identification of clusters that reflect dietary patterns

Adiposity Associated Plasma Linoleic Acid is Related to Demographic, Metabolic Health and Haplotypes of FADS1/2 Genes in Irish Adults

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