Plasma fibrinogen — an independent cardiovascular risk factor

Ernst, Edzard

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00174.x

Cited by 187 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Statistical analyses of clinical findings show that high circulating levels of fibrinogen pose an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke (1,2). In addition, fibrinogen levels are higher in patients with diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipoproteinaemia, or among smokers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A SAF Binding Site in the Promoter Region of Human γ-Fibrinogen Gene Functions as an IL-6 Response Element

Ray

2000

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Expression of fibrinogen is highly induced during inflammation, and such abnormal expression of this protein is considered as a major cardiovascular risk factor. IL-6 is one of the main mediators of abnormal expression of fibrinogen leading to the pathogenic conditions. Transient transfection and EMSA were performed to investigate the molecular mechanism of IL-6-induced γ-fibrinogen gene expression in hepatic cells. Using progressively deleted 5′ fragments of the γ-fibrinogen promoter coupled to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene, an IL-6 responsive element located between positions −273 and −259 was identified. Mutation of this element abrogates IL-6 responsiveness of the γ-fibrinogen promoter. Interaction of this promoter with a zinc finger transcription factor, serum amyloid A activating factor (SAF)-1, was demonstrated by EMSA. Furthermore, overexpression of wild-type SAF-1 in transfected liver cells can increase transcription of the γ-fibrinogen promoter. These data show that transcription factor SAF-1 is involved in the regulation of IL-6-mediated induction of the human γ-fibrinogen gene in liver cells.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A SAF Binding Site in the Promoter Region of Human γ-Fibrinogen Gene Functions as an IL-6 Response Element

Ray

2000

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Approximately 90% of all cases of MI are the result of acute occlusive thrombus in coronary artery [2]. Cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipoproteinaemia, diabetes and smoking, are well accepted [10]. Reasons of myocardial infarction in young adults less than 45 divided into 4 groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Risk Factors of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients 15 to 45 Years in Affiliated Hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences

Ahangar

Saravi

Alijanpour

et al. 2016

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke are the second and third leading causes of death in the world. By identifying the risk factors we can take the necessary measures to prevent the occurrence of these diseases. Methods: In this retrospective study, 90 MI patients and 90 stroke patients 15 -45 year admitted to hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences that randomly arranged by the time of hospitalization conducted. Demographics, laboratory test and risk factors were collected using check list. The data analyzed with McNemar and Npar tests by using SPSS 21 version software. Results: The most common risk factor in young patient was a history of cerebrovascular disease that in stroke was 31 cases (34%) And in MI was 33 cases (37%). History of cerebrovascular disease with MI was significant 33 (37%), 57(63%), P = 0.047). A history of cardiovascular disease with stroke was significant (20 (22%), 70 (68), P = 0.001). A history of addiction with MI was significant (23 (26%), 67 (74%), P < 0.001). In stroke patients 52 cases (% 57) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was high and in 66 cases (73.1%) highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) was low. In patients with MI in 46 patients (51%) LDL was high and the 66 patients (73%) HDL was low. Conclusions: Young peoples with a history of cerebrovascular, cardiovascular disease and addictions should be considering as target society. Primary health care system must identify high-risk individuals, and policy barriers that prevent implementation of programs to lower death rate.

show abstract

“…Markers of elevated fibrinogen include cigarette smoking, diabetes, hypertension and a sedentary life-style; all are associated with vascular occlusive disease. A variety of molecular mechanisms have been proposed by which fibrinogen could directly influence the vessel wall [1]. In addition, fibrinogen degradation products stimulate macrophages to produce a variety of factors including interleukin 6, an important mediator of inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling Acute Elevation of Plasma Fibrinogen with Ancrod

Cole¹

1998

Cerebrovasc Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Elevated plasma fibrinogen is an independent risk factor for generalized atherosclerosis. Markers of elevated fibrinogen include cigarette smoking, diabetes, hypertension and a sedentary life-style; all are associated with vascular occlusive disease. A variety of molecular mechanisms have been proposed by which fibrinogen could directly influence the vessel wall [1]. In addition, fibrinogen degradation products stimulate macrophages to produce a variety of factors including interleukin 6, an important mediator of inflammation. For this reason, atherosclerosis could be described as a low-grade, generalized inflammatory condition of the arterial wall. As illustrated in figure 1, the exact role of fibrinogen in these processes is complex and multifocal. This discussion will focus on the management of acute elevations of fibrinogen using ancrod, a thrombin-like enzyme, that triggers a cascade of normal reactions. When these are carefully controlled, fibrinogen can be safely depleted to achieve clinical benefit.

show abstract

Plasma fibrinogen — an independent cardiovascular risk factor

Cited by 187 publications

References 94 publications

A SAF Binding Site in the Promoter Region of Human γ-Fibrinogen Gene Functions as an IL-6 Response Element

A SAF Binding Site in the Promoter Region of Human γ-Fibrinogen Gene Functions as an IL-6 Response Element

Comparison of Risk Factors of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients 15 to 45 Years in Affiliated Hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences

Controlling Acute Elevation of Plasma Fibrinogen with Ancrod

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About