Plasma fibrinogen levels are correlated with postoperative distant metastasis and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

This study investigated the correlation of preoperative plasma fibrinogen level with distant metastasis and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 255 patients with ESCC who underwent surgery in Zhejiang cancer hospital (Hangzhou, China), between October 2006 and December 2009, were evaluated in this retrospective study. Population controls were selected from a pool of cancer-free subjects in the same region. Each patient and cancer-free people provided 3-mL pretreatment blood. Plasma fibrinogen level was measured by the Clauss method. The effects of hyperfibrinogenemia on locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Independent prognostic factors were identified in the multivariate Cox analysis. The proportion of hyperfibrinogenemia was higher in ESCC patients than those in controls (40.4% vs 13.6%). Subjects with hyperfibrinogenemia had a significantly higher risk of ESCC than those with normal plasma fibrinogen level (adjust OR = 4.61; 95% CI = 3.02–7.01, P < 0.001) after adjusted for age, sex and smoking status. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with hyperfibrinogenemia had worse DMFS, RFS and OS (P < 0.001). Tumor length, lymph node metastasis and plasma fibrinogen level were independent prognostic factors of ESCC (P < 0.05). Increased plasma fibrinogen level was significantly associated with elevated risk of ESCC. Preoperative plasma fibrinogen level was a predictor of distant metastasis and independently associated with prognosis of patients with ESCC.

A cumulative score based on preoperative fibrinogen and the neutrophil&ndash;lymphocyte ratio to predict outcomes in resectable gastric cancer

“…It may mediate the initial adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby leading to tumor cell proliferation and progression 33. Recent studies have presented evidence that fibrinogen correlates with tumor progression, poor response to chemotherapy and adverse clinical outcome in various types of cancer 12,34…”

A Nomogram based on Inflammatory Factors C-Reactive Protein and Fibrinogen to Predict the Prognostic Value in Patients with Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

“…Based on this, a number of inflammation-based prognostic markers have been identified, such as CRP and fibrinogen 9, 10. In addition, there is increasing evidence that serum CRP and plasma fibrinogen could effectively predict clinical outcome in patients with NSCLC 11-14.…”

Systemic inflammatory markers and outcome in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction

“…There is increasing evidence that raised levels of systemic inflammatory markers are associated with poorer survival in patients with cancer. Peripheral blood‐derived inflammation markers including the neutrophil : lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet : lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and fibrinogen levels have been proposed as potential markers of prognosis in oesophageal cancer. The majority of these studies, however, focused on squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus, and thus it is difficult to draw any valid conclusions for a Western population.…”