Plasma Glucose and Insulin Levels in Genetically Lean and Fat Sheep

Francis, S. M.; Veenvliet, B. A.; Littlejohn, R. P.; Suttie, J. M.

doi:10.1006/gcen.1999.7345

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The pattern of endogenous insulin response to i.v. glucose was similar to that previously reported in horses (Giraudet et al, 1994) but different from that in humans (Bergman et al, 1981;Wolever and Mehling, 2002) and sheep (Francis et al, 1999). Compared to an endogenous insulin plateau in horses, the endogenous insulin response in humans and sheep reached a peak within minutes after i.v.…”

Section: Comparative Aspectssupporting

confidence: 75%

Obesity and diet affect glucose dynamics and insulin sensitivity in Thoroughbred geldings1

Hoffman

Boston

Stefanovski

et al. 2003

Journal of Animal Science

266

276

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Insulin resistance is considered a risk factor in obesity, laminitis, exertional rhabdomyolysis, and osteochondrosis. The objective was to use the minimal model to estimate glucose effectiveness (Sg) and insulin sensitivity (Si) in nonobese to obese horses initially adapted to forage only, then adapted to forage plus supplements rich in starch and sugar (SS) or fiber and fat (FF). Ten Thoroughbred geldings, with BCS of 5 (nonobese), 6 (moderately obese), and 7 to 8 (obese), were adapted to pasture and hay, allocated to two groups, and fed SS or FF in a switch-back design with 8 wk of adaptation. Modified frequent-sampling i.v. glucose tolerance tests were applied after adaptation to forage, SS, and FF. For the tolerance tests, horses were kept in stalls overnight and provided hay, and venous catheters were placed the next morning. Baseline samples were collected, 0.3 g of glucose/kg of BW was given i.v., and blood was sampled at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 19 min. At 20 min, 30 mU of insulin/kg of BW was given, followed by sampling at 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150, and 180 min. Plasma was analyzed for glucose and insulin, and Si, Sg, acute insulin response to glucose, and the disposition index were calculated. Normality was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk statistic. Body condition effects were analyzed using a mixed model with repeated measures. Diet effects were analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. The Sg was higher in obese than nonobese (P = 0.003) and moderately obese (P = 0.007) horses; Si was lower in obese than nonobese (P = 0.008) horses, and acute insulin response to glucose was higher in obese than nonobese (P = 0.039) horses. Effects of diet were likely confounded by body condition, but horses had lower Si (P = 0.066) when fed SS compared with FF, especially when nonobese. In conclusion, the minimal model effectively estimated Sg, Si, acute insulin response to glucose, and disposition index in horses. Obese geldings were insulin-resistant and seemed to rely primarily on Sg for glucose disposal. Feeding a diet rich in sugar and starch decreased insulin sensitivity of horses. Maintenance of body condition and avoidance of grain-based meals rich in sugar and starch would be beneficial to decrease the risk of developing insulin resistance and associated metabolic syndromes in horses, especially for horses at risk for these syndromes.

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Section: Comparative Aspectssupporting

confidence: 75%

Obesity and diet affect glucose dynamics and insulin sensitivity in Thoroughbred geldings1

Hoffman

Boston

Stefanovski

et al. 2003

Journal of Animal Science

266

276

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When a modified frequent sampling IV glucose tolerance test was used in horses, endogenous insulin secretion initially increased and then reached a plateau 1 minute after IV glucose administration. 38 This differs from the pattern of endogenous insulin secretion observed in both humans 46,47 and sheep, 48 in which insulin secretion reaches a peak within minutes and then begins to decrease concurrently with decreasing plasma glucose concentrations. Therefore, horses appear to differ, at least to some extent, from other species in terms of response to a glucose load and overall glucose regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Glucose and insulin dynamics associated with continuous rate infusion of dextrose solution or dextrose solution and insulin in healthy and endotoxin-exposed horses

Han¹,

McKenzie²,

McCutcheon³

et al. 2011

ajvr

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“…This might be attributed to genetic selection, i.e., the fast-growing strains of broilers had higher fasting insulin levels with slightly lower fasting glucose levels and similar glucose handling rates as compared to slow-growing strains ( Simon et al, 2000 ). In addition, the genetically fat broilers had slightly higher plasma insulin but lower glucose and faster and more sensitive glucose handling than the lean broilers ( Leclercq et al, 1988 ), similar to the fact that lean genotype sheep also had greater basal glucose concentrations than fat genotype sheep ( Francis et al, 1999 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

A comparative study to determine the effects of breed and feed restriction on glucose metabolism of chickens

Du¹,

Wang²,

Shi³

et al. 2023

Animal Nutrition

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Plasma Glucose and Insulin Levels in Genetically Lean and Fat Sheep

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Obesity and diet affect glucose dynamics and insulin sensitivity in Thoroughbred geldings1

Obesity and diet affect glucose dynamics and insulin sensitivity in Thoroughbred geldings1

Glucose and insulin dynamics associated with continuous rate infusion of dextrose solution or dextrose solution and insulin in healthy and endotoxin-exposed horses

A comparative study to determine the effects of breed and feed restriction on glucose metabolism of chickens

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