Plasma Glucose and Insulin, Urinary Catecholamine and Cortisol Responses to Test Breakfasts with High or Low Fibre Content: The Importance of the Previous Diet

Abstract

A 60-hour high-carbohydrate (high-CHO) diet or a 36-hour low-carbohydrate (low-CHO) diet was followed by 24 healthy women in a cross-over design to modify liver glycogen content. Thereafter each subject was given a high-sucrose breakfast, a high-protein, high-fibre breakfast or no breakfast. The two different breakfasts evoked larger plasma glucose responses following the low-CHO diet than when following the high-CHO diet. When the two breakfasts followed the same pre-period diet, no significant differences were observed. We conclude that the composition of the previous diet influences the postprandial response to meals and that a standardised diet shortly before test meal studies is of importance for the results in this type of studies.

Effects of Highly-pure-enriched-cellulose Diet on Digestibility, Lipid Metabolism and Redox Status in Obese Offspring of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Highfiber diets probably exert their effect on glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity, various studies [46,47] report increased insulin binding to monocytes and adipocytes in subjects on highfiber diets. It has also been reported in both normal subjects and diabetics [48] that fiber taken at a meal could improve glycemic response to subsequent meals. Other possible mechanisms of action of fiber may be via modulation of the secretion of gut hormones [49,50] or the intermediary metabolic effects of short-chain fatty acids derived from the colonic fermentation of fiber in the diet [51].…”

Association between C-Peptide Concentration and Prostate Cancer Incidence in the CLUE II Cohort Study

“…C-peptide has a longer half-life in circulation than insulin (37–38), thus providing a more stable estimate of insulin secretion. The assay we used was reliable as indicated by the low coefficient of variation for the quality control samples.…”

Serum lipids, glucose and insulin levels in healthy schoolchildren aged 9 and 15 years from central Sweden: Reference values in relation to biological, social and lifestyle factors

“…Theoretically, the influence of food intake on the insulin level lasts longer than that on the on glucose level. While the glucose level normalizes within 60-90 minutes, the insulin response to food intake persists for about 3 hours (Sundell et al, 1989). If this is applied to the test situation, food intake before coming to the test, despite oral confirmation of a fasting state, would seem the most plausible explanation of high insulin values in combination with normal glucose values.…”