Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Patients With Normal Tension Glaucoma

Rössler, Christopher W.; Baleanu, D.; Reulbach, Udo; Lewczuk, Piotr; Bleich, Stefan; Kruse, Friedrich E.; Kornhuber, Johannes; Schlötzer‐Schrehardt, Ursula; Juenemann, Anselm

doi:10.1097/ijg.0b013e3181ca7c90

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Romano et al [26] suggested that vitamin B 12 treatment represents a powerful strategy to accelerate not only re-epithelization, but also corneal re-innervation after mechanical injury. Contradictory results have also been reported for the association between serum vitamin B 12 and glaucoma [6,9,10,11,12]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…From the 181 studies, 168 were excluded. Finally, 13 studies [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,19,20,21,22] were included in this meta-analysis. The detailed characteristics of each included study are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since some studies discussed different types of glaucoma, they could be included in more than one group. Thus, there were nine studies included in the POAG group [6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,19], four in the NTG group [6,9,10,12], and six in the EXG group [6,11,12,20,21,22]. Moreover, according to the different types of vitamins considered (vitamin B 6 /vitamin B 12 /vitamin D), the following categorizations were identified:

The POAG group: Three studies considered vitamin B 6 (109 cases and 115 controls), six considered vitamin B 12 (222 cases and 249 controls), and three considered vitamin D (513 cases and 5629 controls);

The NTG group: Two studies considered vitamin B 6 (90 cases and 82 controls), four considered vitamin B 12 (123 cases and 176 controls), and 0 considered vitamin D; and

The EXG group: Three studies considered vitamin B 6 (144 cases and 146 controls), six considered B 12 (228 cases and 240 controls), and one considered vitamin D (70 cases and 70 controls).

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many publications have reported a difference in serum vitamin levels between patients with glaucoma and normal subjects, the association between serum vitamin levels and glaucoma in humans remains controversial. Turgut et al [6] showed that the serum vitamin B 6 levels are significantly higher in POAG and NTG patients than in controls, but others reported no significant difference in serum vitamin B 6 levels among these groups [7,8,9]. Several studies have shown that serum vitamin B 12 levels are elevated in NTG, POAG, and EXG [6,10,11], but others have reported decreased levels of serum vitamin B 12 [9,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Turgut et al [6] showed that the serum vitamin B 6 levels are significantly higher in POAG and NTG patients than in controls, but others reported no significant difference in serum vitamin B 6 levels among these groups [7,8,9]. Several studies have shown that serum vitamin B 12 levels are elevated in NTG, POAG, and EXG [6,10,11], but others have reported decreased levels of serum vitamin B 12 [9,12]. Moreover, although most studies have found that the serum vitamin D level is decreased in glaucoma patients compared with controls [13,14], the difference in vitamin D levels between glaucoma patients and controls is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of Association between Serum Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D Levels with Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shao

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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Although vitamins play a major role in health, and their deficiency may be linked to symptoms of optic-nerve dysfunction, the association between serum vitamin levels and glaucoma in humans remains controversial. In this study, articles in the PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched up to 25March 2017. Nine studies on primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), four studies on normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and six studies on exfoliative glaucoma (EXG) were retrieved. The combined results showed no differences in the levels of serum vitamin B6 between POAG (p = 0.406) and EXG (p = 0.139) patients and controls. The weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 2.792 ng/mL (−3.793 to 9.377) and 1.342 ng/mL (−3.120 to 0.436), respectively. There was no difference between POAG (p = 0.952), NTG (p = 0.757), or EXG (p = 0.064) patients and controls in terms of serum vitamin B12. The WMDs with 95% CIs were 0.933 pg/mL (−31.116 to 29.249), 6.652 pg/mL (−35.473 to 48.777), and 49.946 pg/mL (−102.892 to 3.001), respectively. The serum vitamin D levels exhibited no differences (p = 0.064) between POAG patients and controls; the WMD with 95% CI was 2.488 ng/mL (−5.120 to 0.145). In conclusion, there was no association found between serum vitamin B6, vitamin B12, or vitamin D levels and the different types of glaucoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The NTG group: Two studies considered vitamin B 6 (90 cases and 82 controls), four considered vitamin B 12 (123 cases and 176 controls), and 0 considered vitamin D; and

The EXG group: Three studies considered vitamin B 6 (144 cases and 146 controls), six considered B 12 (228 cases and 240 controls), and one considered vitamin D (70 cases and 70 controls).

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Lack of Association between Serum Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D Levels with Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shao

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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Endothelin-1 levels and biomarkers of oxidative stress in glaucoma patients

et al. 2014

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To investigate the levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), homocysteine (Hcy), vitamins A, E, B12 and folic acid in plasma of patients with different types of glaucoma: primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normotensive glaucoma (NTG). Patients were classified into 3 groups: group POAG comprised 48 patients, group NTG comprised 15 patients, and control group that comprised 75 healthy subjects. ET-1 levels were measured by ELISA, Vitamins A and E by HPLC, and Vitamin B12, homocysteine, and folic acid levels were determined by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The ET-1 and Hcy levels were significantly higher (p = 0.002) in the POAG group compared to NTG and control group. Vitamin E levels were significantly lower (p = 0.001) in the NTG group compared to POAG and control group. The increase of Hcy and ET-1 in POAG patients is related to vascular endothelial dysfunction. Thus results may play a key role in the development of this disease. Lower levels of Vitamin E in the NTG group suggest that oxidative process plays an early role in the development of this type of glaucoma.

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Plasma Homocysteine Concentration is Associated with the Expression Level of Folate Receptor 3

Yoshitomi

Nakayama

Yamashita

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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folic acid and folate receptors (foLRs) play an important role in the downregulation of homocysteine (Hcy), a risk factor of Alzheimer's disease, thrombosis, neuropsychiatric illness and fractures. While several studies have reported that FOLR1 and FOLR2 import folic acid into cells, the role of FOLR3 remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the impact of FOLR3 on the metabolism of Hcy alongside its protective effect against homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity. To reveal the role of FOLR3, we constructed FOLR3-overexpressed HEK293 cells (FOLR3 + cells) and evaluated cell growth, folic acid intake and Hcy-induced neurotoxicity. Subjects with a high expression of FOLR3 exhibited low levels of plasma homocysteine. The ectopic expression of FOLR3 enhanced cell growth, and the enhanced effect was neutralised by folic acid-deficient media. The Western blot analysis revealed that FOLR3 is secreted into cell supernatant. The folic acid intake of FOLR3 + cells was higher than that of wild-type cells. Supernatant from FOLR3 + cells showed a protective effect on Hcy-induced cytotoxicity. FOLR3 expression in plasma is negatively correlated with plasma homocysteine. our study emphasizes the role of FOLR3 in the intake of folic acid into cells on the one hand and its protective role in Hcy-induced cytotoxicity on the other. Homocysteine (Hcy) is a metabolite of cysteine and is produced from methionine when its terminal methyl group is removed. Hcy is recycled into methionine or converted into cysteine with folic acid 1. High levels of Hcy in serum, above 15 µmol/L, create a medical condition known as hyperhomocysteinemia, which constitutes significant risk factors for several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, thrombosis, neuropsychiatric illness, cerebrovascular disease, dementia-type disorders and osteoporosis-associated fractures 2-5. In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, a large population-based cohort study of middle-aged to elderly subjects on the lifestyle-disease relationship, revealed that people with a high serum homocysteine status (≧15.3 µmol/L) exhibit 4.4 and 3.4 times higher risk of ischaemic stroke and ischaemic heart disease, respectively 6. Hcy is exacerbated by ageing, smoking and oxidative stress, which are known as risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia 7,8. Taken together, practical approaches to normalise Hcy levels are strongly recommended for persons who prone to developing hyperhomocysteinemia. Folic acid is a water-soluble vitamin and is essential for hematinic processing and cell growth 9,10. Tetrahydrofolic acid, a folic acid derivative, is produced from dihydrofolic acid by dihydrofolate reductase and plays a crucial role in acid and amino acid metabolism. Folic acid converts to 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in our body, which contributes to the remethylation of Hcy to methionine. Several epidemiological studies have revealed that folic acid deficiency can increase Hcy levels in the blood 11-13. The folic acid receptors (FOLRs) are involved in uptaking folic acid. FOLR has three isotypes...

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Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Patients With Normal Tension Glaucoma

Abstract: An association of elevated Hcy levels and NTG was not found and therefore a role of Hcy as a modifiable risk factor in the pathogenesis of NTG seems unlikely.

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Lack of Association between Serum Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D Levels with Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Lack of Association between Serum Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D Levels with Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Endothelin-1 levels and biomarkers of oxidative stress in glaucoma patients

Plasma Homocysteine Concentration is Associated with the Expression Level of Folate Receptor 3

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