Plasma Inorganic Iodide as a Homeostatic Regulator of Thyroid Function

Wolff, J.; Chaikoff, I.L.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)57335-x

Cited by 501 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…The result is Wolff-Chaikoff Effect which is the reduction in thyroid hormones caused by large amount of iodine ingestion. 18 It is clear from this that there is only a thin line between therapeutic iodine concentration and toxic levels and therefore any guidelines to establish iodine standards should be without ambiguity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine levels in brands of salt on the markets of Accra, Ghana

Doku

Bortey

2018

gmj

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Introduction: The analysis sought to verify the presence or otherwise and the concentration levels of iodine in the claimed iodated salts on the Ghanaian market.Methods: Eleven (11) most patronized brands of salts, including both local and foreign brands and the raw-pellet salt (crystallized directly from sea water), were obtained from popular shops and markets in Accra. These were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively by titrimetry, involving the iodate-iodide reaction in acid medium that generates molecular iodine (IO3- + I-+ 6H+ → I2 + 3H2O). Results: The iodine content (in ppm) at retail, recorded for the samples are as follows: Sample A (25.4), B (51.8), C (52.9), D (45.5), E (25.4), F (75.1), G (28.6), H (0), I (13.7), J (34.9) and K (16.9). No iodine was observed in the raw-pellet salt (sample H) crystallized directly from sea water, in contrast to the long-held belief that it contains natural iodine. Furthermore, all samples analyzed did not meet the concentration levels indicated on their labels and did not meet the Ghana Standard Authority’s standard. Conclusion: Only samples B and C were close to the Ghana Standard Authority’s specification. The Ghana Standard Authority’s standard of 100ppm at production and 50ppm at retail may be too high or, probably, the salt iodination companies are not adhering to the rules. The authors therefore recommend that the regulatory authorities (The Food and Drugs Authority and The Ghana Standard Authority) regularize their regulatory activities and educate the public appropriately. Funding: The study was self-funded by the researchers/authors.Keywords: Iodated salts; analysis; iodine levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine levels in brands of salt on the markets of Accra, Ghana

Doku

Bortey

2018

gmj

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“…Pharmacological doses of iodine-even 1000 times higher than a daily requirement-are found in many medical substances, e.g., iodine-containing contrast media (140-400 mg of iodine per 1 mL), disinfectants (10 mg of iodine per 1 mL), amiodarone (one 200 mg tablet contains 75 mg of iodine), or Lugol's solution (127 mg of iodine in 20 drops) [120]. The healthy thyroid gland has a defence mechanism against the excessive iodine intake, called the Wolff-Chaikoff effect, which temporarily inhibits the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones [110,121]. The structural formula of amiodarone, a benzofuran derivative, is similar to the T4.…”

Section: Pharmacotherapy and Excessive Iodine Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, of 200-400 mg of amiodarone daily, 6-12 mg of iodine is supplied, hence, if 150-200 µg of iodine is considered a the daily requirement, the iodine demand is exceeded multiple times [122]. The lack of abovementioned defence mechanisms can lead to hypothyroidism among individuals treated with amiodarone [121].…”

Section: Pharmacotherapy and Excessive Iodine Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Is There an Ideal Diet to Protect against Iodine Deficiency?

et al. 2021

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Iodine deficiency is a global issue and affects around 2 billion people worldwide, with pregnant women as a high-risk group. Iodine-deficiency prevention began in the 20th century and started with global salt iodination programmes, which aimed to improve the iodine intake status globally. Although it resulted in the effective eradication of the endemic goitre, it seems that salt iodination did not resolve all the issues. Currently, it is recommended to limit the consumption of salt, which is the main source of iodine, as a preventive measure of non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension or cancer the prevalence of which is increasing. In spite of the fact that there are other sources of iodine, such as fish, seafood, dairy products, water, and vegetables, the high consumption of processed food with a high content of unionised salt, alternative diets or limited salt intake can still lead to iodine deficiency. Thus, iodine deficiency remains a relevant issue, with new, preventive solutions necessary. However, it appears that there is no diet which would fully cover the iodine requirements, and iodine food supplementation is still required.

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“…Фармакологічні дози йоду, що навіть у 1000 ра зів перевищують добову потребу, містяться в багатьох медичних речовинах, наприклад, йодовмісних контрастних речовинах (140-400 мг йоду на 1 мл), дезінфікуючих засобах (10 мг йоду на 1 мл), аміодароні (одна 200 мг таблетка містить 75 мг йоду) або розчині Люголю (127 мг йоду в 20 краплях) [120]. Здорова щитоподібна залоза має захисний механізм від надмірного споживання йоду, який називаєть ся ефектом Вольфа-Чайкова, що тимчасово пригнічує біосинтез тиреоїдних гормонів [110,121]. Структурна формула аміодарону, похідного бензофурану, подібна до T4.…”

Section: фармакотерапія та надмірне спожи вання йодуunclassified

Untitled

2021

MPU

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Головний редактор Чернышова Л.І., доктор мед. наук, професор, НМАПО імені П.Л. Шупика, м. Київ, Україна Валіуліс А., професор, Генеральний директор клініки астми, алергії та хронічних захворювань легень, Генеральний директор EduCom (післядипломна освіта), Член Виконавчого комітету та скарбник Європейської академії педіатрії (EAP/UEMS SP), м. Вільнюс, Литва Адреса для листування: ТОВ «Група компаній Мед Експерт», «Сучасна педіатрія. Україна» а/с 80, м.Київ 211, Україна, 04211, Тел./факс: +38 044 498 08 80 E mail: pediatr@med expert.com.ua http://med expert.com.ua/ Формат 60x90/8. Папір офсетний. Ум. др. арк. 17. Уч. вид. арк. 13,95. Загальний наклад 8 000 прим. Зам. № 26.04/01 від 26.04.2021 Надруковано з готових фотоформ у типографії «Аврора прінт», м. Київ, вул. Причальна, 5, тел. (044) 550 52 44 Свідоцтво суб'єкта видавничої справи: А00 № 777897 від 06.07.2009 р. Всі статті рецензовані. Повний або частковий передрук та тиражування у будь який спосіб матеріалів, опублікованих в цьому виданні, допускається тільки за письмового дозволу редакції. Відповідальність за зміст рекламних матеріалів несе рекламодавець. Київ 2021 СУЧАСНА ПЕДІАТРІЯ. УКРАЇНА Науково практичний педіатричний журнал СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ПЕДИАТРИЯ. УКРАИНА Научно практический педиатрический журнал Журнал «Сучасна педіатрія. Україна» включено до науковометричних, реферативних та пошукових баз даних: «Бібліометрика української науки», «Наукова періодика України» (Національної бібліотеки України імені В.І.

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Plasma Inorganic Iodide as a Homeostatic Regulator of Thyroid Function

Cited by 501 publications

References 10 publications

Iodine levels in brands of salt on the markets of Accra, Ghana

Iodine levels in brands of salt on the markets of Accra, Ghana

Is There an Ideal Diet to Protect against Iodine Deficiency?

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