Plasma pattern of adrenocorticotropin and cortisol during electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive illness

Apéria, B.; Thorén, Marja; Zettergren, M.; Wetterberg, Lennart

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01221.x

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Baseline cortisol levels were 30% greater in patients than in controls, but there were no differences from baseline levels after ECT sessions are consistent with the findings reported by Aperia et al, 16 Aperia et al, 20 Weizman et al 23 and Ozsoy et al 40 Ozsoy et al 40 suggested that the mechanism of action of ECT might be explained by the fact that it changes the instability of levels of neuroactive steroids that affect gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…7 Glucocorticoids interact with their receptors in multiple target tissues, including the HPA axis, and are 15 Acute ECT has been consistently associated with improvement in plasma levels of cortisol. [16][17][18][19] Studies have found that the levels of cortisol and ACTH measured Individuals in the control group, recruited among hospital employees, were matched for sex and age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation of plasma cortisol levels in patients with depression after treatment with bilateral electroconvulsive therapy

Burgese

Bassitt

2015

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Introduction: More than 60 years after the introduction of modern psychopharmacology, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) continues to be an essential therapeutic modality in the treatment of mental disorders, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. Hormones play an essential role in the development and expression of a series of behavioral changes. One aspect of the influence of hormones on behavior is their potential contribution to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and the mechanism of action of psychotropic drugs and ECT. Objective: We measured blood levels of the hormone cortisol in patients with unipolar depression according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) and compared results with levels found in healthy adults. Method: Blood cortisol levels were measured before the beginning of treatment with ECT, at the seventh session, and at the last session, at treatment completion. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Cortisol levels remained stable in both men and women between the seventh and the last sessions of ECT; values ranged from 0.686±9.6330 g/dL for women, and there was a mean decrease of 5.825±6.0780 g/dL (p = 0.024). Mean number of ECT sessions was 12. After the seventh and the last ECT sessions, patients with depression and individuals in the control group had similar cortisol levels, whereas BDI scores remained different. Conclusion: Cortisol levels decreased during ECT treatment. ECT seems to act as a regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of plasma cortisol levels in patients with depression after treatment with bilateral electroconvulsive therapy

Burgese

Bassitt

2015

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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“…Yet, the meaning of this observation is unclear since cortisol peak levels were not significantly different between the first and sixth ECT. In another study (Aperia et al 1984) the decrease in cortisol response to the sixth ECT in comparison to the first ECT was accompanied by a parallel decrease in ACTH release. The amplification in responsiveness offl-EP secretion immediately after repeated ECT stimulation is in accordance with the well-known clinical phenomenon that a single ECT is not sufficient, and a course of ECTs is required for successful treatment of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The effect of acute and repeated electroconvulsive treatment on plasma β-endorphin, growth hormone, prolactin and cortisol secretion in depressed patients

et al. 1987

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The effects of single and repeated electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) on beta-endorphin (beta-EP), cortisol, growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (Prl) plasma levels were investigated in nine depressed patients. Blood samples were monitored a day before ECT, the day of the first and sixth ECT (0, 30, 60 and 90 min after seizures), the day afterwards and 4 weeks after termination of the ECT course. A significant elevation of beta-EP levels was achieved immediately with and 24 h after the first and the sixth ECT. A transient increase in basal beta-EP was observed 1 day following the sixth ECT in comparison with pre-treatment level. Peak and 30 min levels of cortisol were increased compared with baseline by the first ECT. The former (peak) but not the latter (30 min) were increased also at the sixth treatment. GH levels were decreased the day after the first ECT in comparison with the pre-treatment levels and immediately following each ECT in comparison with baseline. A trend toward elevation of Prl was observed immediately after the first and sixth ECT, although the rise did not reach significant levels. ECT administration stimulated beta-EP and cortisol secretion and suppressed human GH release, possibly by activation of endorphinergic and/or serotonergic systems. These mechanisms might be involved in the beneficial effect of ECT in depression.

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“…As a part of a larger psychoendocrinological study of ECT in patients with major depressive illness, we measured the blood levels of ACTH, cortisol, prolactin (PRL), thyrotropin (TSH) , growth hormone (GH), somatomedins, melatonin and prostaglandin in connection with ECT. There was a rapid increase of ACTH and cortisol (3). The amplitude of hormonal release was lower at the end of an ECT series when the patients were regularly in remission.…”

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confidence: 90%

Prolactin and thyrotropin in serum during electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive illness

Apéria

Thorén

Wetterberg

1985

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Thirty-three patients with major depressive illness received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and serum prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) levels were measured 30 min before and 1, 5, 15, 30, and 60 min after the treatment. There was a threefold increase in PRL levels with a maximum after 15 min. The TSH plasma levels rose significantly with a maximum at 30 min after ECT. No change in PRL and TSH concentrations was seen in control experiments when the patients received anaesthesia only. In 15 patients the hormone levels were studied both during the first and sixth (last) ECT. The PRL and TSH levels were significantly higher following the first as compared to the sixth ECT. Patients on phenothiazines had higher PRL and lower TSH levels than those on other drugs or without medication, but there was no significant difference in the mean increment by ECT. Dopamine depresses PRL and TSH secretion. The diminished hormone release after a series of ECT may be explained by ECT-induced increase of postsynaptic dopamine receptor function leading to inhibition of PRL and TSH release from the pituitary gland.

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Plasma pattern of adrenocorticotropin and cortisol during electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive illness

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Variation of plasma cortisol levels in patients with depression after treatment with bilateral electroconvulsive therapy

Variation of plasma cortisol levels in patients with depression after treatment with bilateral electroconvulsive therapy

The effect of acute and repeated electroconvulsive treatment on plasma β-endorphin, growth hormone, prolactin and cortisol secretion in depressed patients

Prolactin and thyrotropin in serum during electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive illness

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