Pulsed plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition was used to conformally coat supported Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles using allyl alcohol as a plasma precursor. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements reveal lower plasma duty cycles resulted in films with higher oxygen content, greater OH incorporation, and increased hydrophilicity. Actinometric optical emission spectroscopy data show that H atoms, formed via electron impact dissociation of the monomer, dominate the plasma emission at high duty cycles, whereas CH and O are the major emitting species present in lower d.c. plasmas. These results corroborate previously published studies indicating that allyl alcohol decomposes via loss of hydrogen and water. The highly hydrophilic composite magnetic nanomaterials produced at the lowest duty cycles show promise for biomedical applications.The use of composite magnetic nanomaterials in biological applications (i.e., site specific drug delivery, 1 MRI contrast agents 2 ) has grown rapidly in recent years. 3 Using nanoparticles in biomedical applications presents several challenges including concerns regarding the potential toxicity of nanoparticles in both biological systems and the environment. 4 A potential solution to this issue is creation of a barrier film on the nanoparticle surface. Additionally, for nanoparticles to be the most effective in the widest range of potential applications, a critical need exists for the ability to specifically adjust particle surface chemistry. 5 Indeed, nanoparticle interactions with their environment (e.g., a biological system) are directly tied to the type of chemistry that can occur at the nanoparticle surface. 6 Thus, optimal nanoparticle performance can be realized by tailoring surface functionality and properties such as wetting (hydrophilicity), protein and drug attachment, and surface energy. 7 8 Plasma processing for the production of biocompatible nanomaterials and tailoring of surface properties provides an alternative to traditional wet chemical surface modification strategies that could damage or destroy nanostructured materials. 3 Use of pulsed plasma power for plasma polymerization schemes provides additional * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. protection from substrate damage and has been shown to increase monomer retention in the deposited films. 9-14 Moreover, plasma polymerization offers virtually no limitations on monomer selection, does not require high substrate temperatures, and can involve almost any type and size of substrate. Indeed, we have successfully modified a range of different types of substrates, including membranes, 15 16 fibers, 17 18 nanowires, 19 20 particles, 21 and microfluidic channels. 22 With the appropriate monomer selection and plasma parameters, an array of different functionalities can be imparted to a surface, including amine (-NH 2 ), 23 24 alcohol (-OH), 25 and carboxylic acid (-COOH) 23 26 groups. Implantation of hydroxyl groups is of particular interest esp...