Plasma proteomic analysis reveals altered protein abundances in HIV‐infected patients with or without non‐Hodgkin lymphoma

Abstract

The identification of circulating proteins associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL) may help in the development of promising biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.Here, we used quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in plasma collected from patients with AIDS-NHL and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients without NHL (HIV + ). Proteins with a log2 (fold change) in abundance >0.26 and p < 0.05 were considered differentially abundant. In total, 84 DEPs were identified, among which 20 were further validated as potential biomarkers, with immunoglobulin and complement components being the most common proteins. Some of the proteins were further verified in a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients in a larger cohort. These markedly altered proteins were found to mediate pathophysiological pathways that likely contribute to AIDS-NHL pathogenesis, such as the humoral immune response, complement activation, and complement and coagulation cascades. Our findings provide a new molecular understanding of AIDS-NHL pathogenesis and provide new evidence supporting the identification of these proteins as possible biomarkers in AIDS-NHL.

Quantitative Plasma Proteomics to Identify Candidate Biomarkers of Relapse in Pediatric/Adolescent Hodgkin Lymphoma

“…To date LC-MS-based quantitative proteomics analytical workflow allowed to discover several novel potential cancer biomarkers in serum/plasma for clinical application (reviewed by [ 15 ]): for instance, recently, altered protein abundances were found in non-Hodgkin lymphoma, infected or not by human immunodeficiency virus, (i.e., C1Q and B2M) [ 34 ]; predicted the outcome of breast cancer patients receiving neodiuvant chemotherapy (APOC3, MBL2, ENG and P4HB) [ 35 ] or associated with high risk of ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2 carriers (SPARC and THBS1) [ 20 ].…”

Carcinogenic mechanisms of virus-associated lymphoma

“…Moreover, miRNA-21 is significantly elevated in peripheral B cells of patients infected with HIV, suggesting that it might contribute to the maintenance of B cell hyperactivation ( 238 ). A proteomic analysis of plasma proteins from AIDS-NHL recently identified 20 host proteins and a set of protein combinations that might serve as biomarkers for the pathogenesis of AIDS-NHL ( 239 ). This indicates a new direction towards a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV lymphoma.…”

Corrigendum

“…The article 1 to which this corrigendum refers was published in the Journal of Medical Virology 94(8):3876‐3889 (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jmv.27775).…”