Plasma Renin Activity Related to Sodium Balance, Renal Function and Urinary Vasopressin in the Newborn Infant

Godard, Claude; Geering, Jean-Marc; Geering, K; Vallotton, Michel B.

doi:10.1203/00006450-197906000-00004

Cited by 45 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The renal handling of AVP has been studied extensively, and there is considerable evidence that glomerular filtration is the primary source of urinary AVP in the adult (23) and normal term infant beyond the second day (24). Furthermore, it has been shown that AVP is neither secreted nor destroyed by the renal tubules (25) and that AVP in adult urine is stable over long periods of time (1 9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Arginine Vasopressin: Pattern of Excretion in the Neonatal Period

et al. 1986

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The pattern of arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion in the immediate neonatal period is unclear. Plasma concentrations of AVP are reflected by its urinary excretion, thus providing a noninvasive method for studying the pattern of AVP release in the neonate. In these studies, we determined the pattern of urinary AVP excretion (pU/ mg creatinine) during the first 2-4 days after birth in 78 neonates, 53 of whom had various prenatal and/or neonatal complications. In well term ( n = 12) and preterm (n = 13) infants mean urinary AVP excretion decreased gradually during the first 24-36 h after birth. Although term and preterm infants with perinatal asphyxia had highest initial levels of urinary A V P (>200 pU/mg creatinine) and a significant negative correlation with the 1-min Apgar score was obtained, their pattern of excretion was similar to respective controls. After delivery, elevated values for urinary AVP excretion were found among infants with neonatal courses complicated by intracranial hemorrhage, hypoxic encephalopathy, and pneumothorax. Urine osmolality did not correlate linearly with urinary AVP levels, but rather attained a maximum value of -400 mosmol/kg at urinary AVP levels <200 pU/mg creatinine and then plateaued. It is concluded that the decrease in urinary AVP excretion observed soon after birth generally reflects diminution of the hypersecretion of AVP during parturition; neonates with evidence of intrapartnm asphyxia initially have increased urinary AVP excretion; however, the pattern of excretion is similar to normal infants. During the neonatal period insults such a s pneumothorax and intracranial hemorrhage may cause hypersecretion of this hormone. (Pediatr Res 20: 103-108, 1986) Abbreviations AVP, arginine vasopressin HMD, hyaline membrane disease Cr, creatinine PV-IVH, periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage Investigations of AVP, or antidiuretic hormone, during the perinatal period have been focused on both its renal and extrarenal actions. Although its potent pressor effect may be more important than its antidiuretic action during this period of adaptation (I), these and other physiologic roles for AVP remain

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Arginine Vasopressin: Pattern of Excretion in the Neonatal Period

et al. 1986

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It could also be attributed to the assay systems employed by different workers but in our study a good correlation was ob tained between the results of bioassay and radioimmunoassay, suggesting that the anti serum did not cross-react with fragments of the AVP molecule in urine. A further possi bility is the lower glomerular filtration rate found in the newborn, as urinary AVP corre lates with creatinine clearance [6],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Urine Collection in the Study of Vasopressin in the Newborn

1983

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have evaluated the use of urinary vasopressin (AVP) measurements in human newborns to see if urinary AVP excretion is a true reflection of the plasma level. AVP was measured in 37 simultaneously collected plasma and urine samples. The correlation coefficient was 0.8 (p < 0.001). AVP extracted in duplicate from six urine samples was measured by bioassay and radioimmunoassay. The correlation coefficient was 0.85 (p < 0.05). To facilitate long-term urine collection we have developed a urine collecting tray to fit a standard incubator or cot. Urinary AVP was measured in 24-hour urine collections in 37 normal infants. AVP excretion was higher in the first 48 h of life than subsequently. Continuous 4-hour urine collections were made in 1 sick infant to assess AVP excretion when urine flow is variable.

show abstract

“…kg.24 h-' in the fetus and neonate, respectively. The rate of VP excretion in the fetus and newborn lamb is, thus, much higher on a body weight basis than the amount excreted by an adult human on a normal Na intake, and is in the range of values reported by Goddard et al (7) in the human neonates (6,10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…The use of urine for this purpose would offer the advantage of reducing the number and volume of blood samples as well as the need for a very sensitive assay because concentrations in the urine are usually higher than in the plasma. But, Robertson (14) reported that VP excretion varied more with solute excretion than plasma concentration and, in the newborn, Goddard et al (7) found that urinary VP is correlated with glomerular filtration rate. The purpose of the present study is to examine the factors associated with increased renal excretion of VP in the hypoxic fetus and newborn.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Excretion of Vasopressin in the Hypoxic Lamb: Comparison between Fetus and Newborn

et al. 1984

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe factors associated with increased renal excretion of vasopressin (VP) were examined in the hypoxic fetus and newborn. Studies were conducted on six chronically instrumented fetal (117-136 days gestation) and seven newborn lambs (2-6-dayold). Hypoxia was produced by administration of 10% oxygen to the ewe or neonate for 30 min. This procedure caused a 50% reduction in PaOt, no significant change in pHa in either fetus or neonate and a slight fall in PaC02. Hypoxia caused an increase in VP concentrations in plasma from 1.3 f 0.53 to 46.4 f 4.71 pg/ml in the fetus and from 5.9 f 2.80 to 50.2 f 26.68 pg/ml in the neonate. After hypoxia there was a fall in urine output from 0.27 f 0.045 to 0.17 f 0.046 ml/(min-kg) in the fetus and from 0.15 f 0.033 to 0.09 f 0.022 ml/(min. kg) in the newborn. The corresponding values for urine osmolality were the following: 168 f 30.8 to 325 f 30.6 mOsm/kg in the fetus and 388 f 65.4 to 523 f 51.8 mOsm/kg in the newborn. VP concentration in urine increased from 13 f 9.4 to a maximum of 176 f 32.4 pg/ml after 30 min of recovery in the fetus and 39 f 4.6 to 278 f 132.5 pg/ml after 1 h of recovery in the newborn. These levels remained high for at least 1 h after the end of hypoxia. There was a good linear correlation between plasma VP levels and the corresponding urine levels and excretion rates in both the fetus and newborn. No correlation was found between VP urinary excretion and either osmolar excretion or GFR. These results, therefore, indicate that urinary VP levels and excretion rates can be used as a reflection of levels in plasma after hypoxia. Abbreviations GFR, glomerular filtration rate Na, sodium concentrations OSM, plasma osmolality VP, vasopressin Measurements of urinary excretion of VP have been used in some clinical situations in order to assess neurohypophisial function (10, 12, 13). The use of urine for this purpose would offer the advantage of reducing the number and volume of blood samples as well as the need for a very sensitive assay because concentrations in the urine are usually higher than in the plasma. But, Robertson (14) reported that VP excretion varied more with solute excretion than plasma concentration and, in the newborn, Goddard et al. (7) found that urinary VP is correlated with glomerular filtration rate. The purpose of the present study is to examine the factors associated with increased renal excretion of VP in the hypoxic fetus and newborn. ously (4) on mixed breed pregnant ewes at 1 10-1 18 days gestation. Polyethylene catheters were placed in the fetal carotid artery and jugular vein, into the fetal bladder via the urachus, and in the amniotic cavity. Through a separate incision, the maternal femoral artery and vein were also catheterized. Penicillin and chloromycetin were given intravenously to both the ewe and the fetus for the first 3 post-operative days and after each experiment. All catheters were cleaned and flushed daily and vascular catheters kept filled with 100 U/ml heparin.Newborn surgery. Experiments were conducted on sev...

show abstract

Plasma Renin Activity Related to Sodium Balance, Renal Function and Urinary Vasopressin in the Newborn Infant

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Urinary Arginine Vasopressin: Pattern of Excretion in the Neonatal Period

Urinary Arginine Vasopressin: Pattern of Excretion in the Neonatal Period

Continuous Urine Collection in the Study of Vasopressin in the Newborn

Excretion of Vasopressin in the Hypoxic Lamb: Comparison between Fetus and Newborn

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About