Plasma Tocopherol in Sheep and Cattle After Ingesting Free or Acetylated Tocopherol

Hidiroglou, Nick; McDowell, L. R.; Balbuena, O.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(89)79296-1

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In agreement with this, in the present study, the concentrations of α-tocopherol and β-carotene in milk paralleled those observed in plasma. A clear relationship between plasma concentrations and secretion into milk of α-tocopherol and β-carotene has been also reported by other authors [24,26,39]. The concentrations of the two fat-soluble antioxidants in milk derived from pasture supplemented groups were much higher than the minima suggested by Al-Mabruk et al [1] to ensure a favourable oxidative stability of milk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Increasing pasture intakes enhances polyunsaturated fatty acids and lipophilic antioxidants in plasma and milk of dairy cows fed total mix ration

Terra

Marino

Manenti

et al. 2010

Dairy Sci. Technol.

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-Polyunsaturated fatty acids and lipo-soluble vitamins in the milk are considered as neutraceutical compounds due to their beneficial effects on human health. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in fatty acid composition and fat-soluble antioxidant content in plasma and milk from cows fed with different dietary proportions from pasture. Cows from a farm in the Hyblean mountain region in Italy were randomly divided into three groups (12 animals per group): CTRL fed only a total mix ration (TMR); 30P fed a TMR supplemented with 30% dry matter (DM) from pasture and 70P fed a TMR supplemented with 70% DM of pasture. Blood and milk samples were collected, stored and analysed for their content of fatty acids and fat-soluble antioxidants. Fatty acid profiles were significantly modified by different diets. CLA, vaccenic acid (VA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) significantly (P < 0.05) increased in plasma as a function of the proportion of pasture added to the diet. In agreement with these data, a progressively significant (P < 0.05) increase in concentrations of VA, CLA and EPA was observed in the milk. Such changes in fatty acid composition were accompanied by a concomitant increase in the concentrations of α-tocopherol and β-carotene in both plasma and milk. The increase in EPA, DHA and CLA, β-carotene and α-tocopherol in plasma may not only have a beneficial impact for milk and meat quality, but may also result in an increased protection against inflammatory events. Article published by EDP SciencesRésumé -L'augmentation de la teneur en herbe de la ration améliore la teneur en acides gras polyinsaturés et en antioxydants lipophiles dans le plasma et le lait des vaches laitières en ration complète. Les acides gras polyinsaturés (AGPI) et les vitamines liposolubles du lait sont considérés comme des composés nutraceutiques en raison de leurs effets bénéfiques pour la santé. Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer les changements de composition en acides gras et de teneur en antioxydants liposolubles dans le plasma et le lait de vaches laitières recevant différentes proportions de pâture. Les vaches provenant d'une ferme de la région du mont Iblei en Italie, ont été réparties aléatoirement en trois groupes (12 animaux par groupe) : un groupe témoin recevant une alimentation en ration complète (TMR) ; un groupe recevant une alimentation TMR supplémentée à hauteur de 30 % de matière sèche en herbe ; un groupe recevant une alimentation TMR supplé-mentée à hauteur de 70 % de matière sèche en herbe. Des échantillons sanguins et du lait ont été collectés, conservés et analysés pour leur teneur en acides gras et en antioxydants liposolubles. Les profils en acides gras étaient modifiés de façon significative par les différents régimes. L'acide linoléique conjugué (CLA), l'acide vaccénique (VA), l'acide eisapentanoïque (EPA) et l'acide docohexanoïque (DHA) augmentaient significativement (P < 0,05) dans le plasma en fonction de la proportion de pâture. En accord avec ces rés...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Increasing pasture intakes enhances polyunsaturated fatty acids and lipophilic antioxidants in plasma and milk of dairy cows fed total mix ration

Terra

Marino

Manenti

et al. 2010

Dairy Sci. Technol.

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“…The causes of poor absorption are unclear but the rate of hydrolysis of the tocopheryl acetate, a necessary prelude to absorption, may be a contributing factor. For example peak plasma concentrations occurred later in lambs given a bolus of a-tocopheryl acetate compared to free a-tocopherol that is naturally present in forages (Hidiroglou et al, 1989), and slow hydrolysis has been suggested as the cause of low plasma tocopherol levels when supranutritional levels of a-tocopheryl acetate have been fed (Machlin and Gabriel, 1982;Drevon, 1991). At the end of the current study plasma concentrations in the C-60 group were 0.25 of those in the S-60 group, but for the C-500 lambs the levels were 0.81 of those in S-500, a difference that was not significant.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of vitamin E supplementation and basal diet on the vitamin E status, performance and tissue fatty acid concentration in lambs

Kasapidou

Enser

Wood

et al. 2009

Animal

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In order to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E level and basal diet on vitamin E status, performance and tissue fatty acid content, five groups of eight Suffolk 3 Charollais wether lambs with an initial live weight of 28.4 (s.d. 1.6) kg were allocated to one of five concentrate-based diets supplemented with all-rac-a-tocopheryl acetate to contain 30 mg (C-30), 60 mg (C-60), 120 mg (C-120), 250 mg (C-250) or 500 mg (C-500) a-tocopheryl acetate/kg dry matter (DM), for 63 days. Two additional groups of eight lambs entered the study at 31.2 (s.d. 3.3) kg and were fed grass silage and 400 g/day concentrate for 56 days, with the whole diet providing the equivalent of 60 mg (S-60) or 500 mg (S-500) a-tocopheryl acetate/kg DM. Lambs were weighed and blood samples obtained by venipuncture weekly. Dietary vitamin E level did not affect performance ( P . 0.05), but lambs fed grass silage grew more slowly ( P , 0.001) and had a higher ( P , 0.001) feed conversion ratio (kg feed/kg gain) than those fed concentrates. At day 0 plasma a-tocopherol concentrations were 0.8 mg/ml and did not differ between treatments ( P . 0.05). Plasma a-tocopherol concentrations then decreased in all lambs except for those fed S-500, which increased, and at slaughter were (mg/ml) 0.07, 0.23, 0.39, 0.76 and 1.57 in C-30, C-60, C-120, C-250 and C-500 and 1.18 and 1.93 in S-60 and S-500, respectively. At slaughter, muscle and liver a-tocopherol concentrations were in the deficiency range for lambs fed C-30, C-60 or C-120, whereas plasma creatine kinase and tissue polyunsaturated fatty acids were unaffected by dietary vitamin E level, but creatine kinase levels were higher ( P , 0.05) and glutathione peroxidise levels lower ( P , 0.001) in lambs fed grass silage than concentrates alone. Muscle and liver a-tocopherol concentrations were 1.8-and 4.1-fold higher in lambs fed S-60 than C-60, but there was less of a difference between lambs fed S-500 or C-500 with muscle and liver differences of 0.4-and 0.7-fold, respectively. Tissue n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher ( P , 0.05) and n-6 fatty acids lower in lambs receiving the grass silage compared to concentrate-based diets, but were not affected by dietary vitamin E level. It is concluded that lower plasma and tissue levels of a-tocopherol are present in lambs supplemented with all-rac-a-tocopheryl acetate on a concentrate compared to a mixed diet of silage and concentrates, and that normal growth can be achieved at tissue levels previously considered to represent deficiency.Keywords: a-tocopherol, concentrates, fatty acids, grass silage, lamb growth ImplicationsVitamin E is necessary to protect tissues from oxidative damage. When lambs were fed a concentrate or grass silage-based diet supplemented with increasing amounts of vitamin E, substantially lower plasma and tissue vitamin E levels were observed in lambs receiving the concentratebased diets. Animal performance was, however, unaffected by dietary vitamin E level. Tissue fatty acid composition was also unaffected by...

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“…Although calves are born with very low vitamin E serum concentrations, the concentration increases in physiological conditions over the period of colostral and subsequently milk nutrition (Hidiroglou 1989;Van Saun et al 1989;Pavlata et al 2004b). It is therefore essential that calves are fed a sufficient amount of quality colostrum and milk rich in vitamin E. Vitamin E status of the organism of calves in early postparturition period is thus significantly determined by vitamin E status of the gestating cows along with other factors such as the overall quality of nutrition and metabolism and potential incidence of any diseases which can affect the composition of the colostrum and milk the cows produce as well as resorption of vitamin E from the digestive system in calves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Hypovitaminosis E in Calves and Therapeutic Remedy by Selenium-Vitamin Supplementation

Pavlata¹,

Podhorský²,

Pechová³

et al. 2005

Acta Vet. Brno

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The objective of the research project was to assess incidence of hypovitaminosis E in calves of dairy cows during milk nutrition from different farms in the Czech Republic and to verify the effect of hypovitaminosis E therapy consisting in oral and parenteral administration of a seleniumvitamin supplement.Vitamin E concentration in blood serum of 350 calves from 39 different dairy farms was determined. The average vitamin E concentration being 3.55 ± 2.24 µmol·l -1 , hypovitaminosis (defined as vitamin E concentration below 4.64 µmol·l -1 ) was identified in 77.7% of the calves included in the study. There were only 9 farms where the average concentration of vitamin E in blood of calves was sufficient.The effect of hypovitaminosis E therapy based on selenium-vitamin supplement administration was assessed in a group of 10 calves divided into 2 groups (PO and SC) of five. The calves included in the PO group were administered recommended doses of the selenium-vitamin supplement (420 mg Tocopheroli alpha acetas) in two oral doses (Day 0 and Day 7) while the calves from the SC group were giwen the same supplement using the same administration pattern but subcutaneously (350 mg Tocopheroli alpha acetas). Concentration of vitamin E in blood serum of the calves was determined on Days 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, and 12 of the trial. It was found in both groups that supplements given to calves with hypovitaminosis E (PO -1.65 ± 0.50 µmol·l -1 ; SC -1.38 ± 0.38 µmol·l -1 ) led to a significant increase in serum concentration of vitamin E (PO -3.41 ± 1.58 µmol·l -1 , p < 0.05; SC -5.63 ± 0.82 µmol·l -1 , p < 0.01) as soon as on Day 1. The concentration of vitamin E, however, decreased again from post-administration Day 2 or Day 3 on (Day 6: PO -1.50 ± 0.42 µmol·l -1 ; SC -3.05 ± 0.88 µmol·l -1 ). Repeated supplementation led to a significant increase in concentration of vitamin E in both groups again, which was substantially higher in the SC group (8.8 ± 1.55 µmol·l -1 ) compared to PO group (2.93 ± 1.29 µmol·l -1 ). After the second application, too, the concentration of vitamin E dropped fast in both groups (Day 12: PO -2.05 ± 0.90 µmol·l -1 ; SC -3.53 ± 0.90 µmol·l -1 ).It may be concluded that the incidence of hypovitaminosis E among calves of dairy cows is very high and the effect of selenium-vitamin supplements to calves with this diagnose is insufficient as far as long-term achievement of the concentrations of vitamin E is concerned. , tocopherol, vitamin E, preventive diagnostics, Czech Republic Along with selenium (Se), vitamin E ranks among very important antioxidant agents protecting the organism from the effect of reactive oxygen forms. As an extinguisher of peroxidation reactions in membranes, vitamin E is probably the most important antioxidant in cell membranes (Putman and Comben 1987;Rice and Kennedy 1988). The antioxidant effect of Se depends mainly on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), in which selenium is contained. Vitamin E and GSH-Px operate at different sites in the cell. The function-site for GSH-Px is cel...

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Plasma Tocopherol in Sheep and Cattle After Ingesting Free or Acetylated Tocopherol

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Increasing pasture intakes enhances polyunsaturated fatty acids and lipophilic antioxidants in plasma and milk of dairy cows fed total mix ration

Increasing pasture intakes enhances polyunsaturated fatty acids and lipophilic antioxidants in plasma and milk of dairy cows fed total mix ration

Influence of vitamin E supplementation and basal diet on the vitamin E status, performance and tissue fatty acid concentration in lambs

Incidence of Hypovitaminosis E in Calves and Therapeutic Remedy by Selenium-Vitamin Supplementation

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