Plasma visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (visfatin/NAMPT) concentration in elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

IntroductIon Visceral adipose tissue is the main source of circulating proinflammatory adipokine, visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (visfatin/NAMPT), whose role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MS) components such as hypertension and carbohydrate and lipid disturbances is still uncertain, due to commonly used low specific C-terminal immunoassays to determine visfatin/ NAMPT levels.objectIves The aim of the study was to assess the association between the occurrence of MS components and circulating visfatin/NAMPT levels in elderly population.PAtIents And methods The analysis included 2174 elderly participants of the PolSenior study without heart failure, severe chronic kidney disease, cancer, and malnutrition. MS was defined according to the modified International Diabetes Federation criteria. Plasma visfatin/NAMPT concentrations were measured by a highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and insulin levels were assessed, and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance was calculated.results Women were diagnosed with MS more often than men (71.2% vs 56.8%; P <0.001) and had a greater prevalence of all MS components except for type 2 diabetes. Women with MS had higher concentrations of hsCRP and IL-6 than those without MS. Visfatin/NAMPT concentrations were higher in women with MS than in those without MS (1.06 ng/ml [0.65-1.87] vs 0.85 ng/ml [0.54-1.40]; P <0.001), but no differences were observed in men (0.97 ng/ml [0.59-1.61] vs 0.90 ng/ml [0.56-1.60], respectively; P = 0.5). In women, there was a stronger association between the number of components of MS and increased plasma visfatin/NAMPT levels than in men.conclusIons Plasma visfatin/NAMPT levels are increased only in elderly women with MS. It is difficult to distinguish the components of MS specifically associated with increased visfatin/NAMPT levels. 403assay (ELISA) kits in plasma samples of a large group of elderly subjects, participants of the PolSenior study, 18 may provide new data on the role of visfatin/NAMPT in MS. In our recently published study, we have shown that plasma visfatin/NAMPT levels are associated with age, systemic microinflammation, and IR regardless of sex, and with nutritional status only in women. 19 The aim of the present study was to assess the association between the number and type of MS components and circulating plasma visfatin/ NAMPT levels in elderly population.PAtIents And methods study design and setting This substudy was based on 2733 banked samples from the PolSenior study 18 stored at -70°C. The PolSenior study conducted in the years 2008 and 2011 recruited 6 age cohorts of a similar size (65-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, 80-84 years, 85-89 years, and ≥90 years). Trained nurses visited a total of 4979 participants 3 times to conduct a questionnaire survey, comprehensive geriatric assessment, and body mass, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure (BP) measurements. In addi...

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“…eNAMPT correlates with increased adiposity in obesity and type 2 diabetes (Retnakaran et al 2008;Kocelak et al 2015;Owczarek et al 2016). However, eNAMPT levels did not correlate with age, consistent with a study with 163 individuals covering an age-range from 24 to 86 years of age (Berndt et al 2005).…”

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“…14 These macrophages secrete cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF -α), which augments the impairment of the endocrine and paracrine function of adipocytes (eg, secretion of visfatin, leptin, resistin, and others). [15][16][17] This enhances the intensity of inflammatory response, which accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis. The extent of this response (concentration of inflammatory markers such as C -reactive protein or procalcitonin) is a result of interaction between environmental and genetic factors.…”

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“…These findings were not confirmed in subsequent analyses, although clinical data support positive correlation between circulating visfatin and insulin level. Elevated serum visfatin was consistently reported in insulin-resistant cohorts of children, adults and the elderly [21,22,24,36,37]. Moreover, individuals suffering from insulin-resistant conditions -obesity, T2D, and MetS -display higher serum visfatin, although not all studies confirm direct correlation with IR indices [32,[37][38][39].…”