Plasma volume, albumin and globulin concentrations and their intravascular masses

Röcker, L.; Kirsch, K.; Stoboy, H

doi:10.1007/bf00421634

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this study a ninefold increase in plasma renin activity and arginine-vasopressin concentration induced Na' and H20 retention, which was retained intravascularly by a progressive increase in plasma albumin content. In persons subjected to longer periods oftraining, albumin as well as liver-produced globulins (a, fA) are increased (38,43). Similar to in our lambs, this is not accompanied by a substantial change in plasma protein profile, as deduced from albumin/globulin ratio ( 1.8 vs. 2.0, athletes vs. sedentary subjects), although a2 globulin fraction is higher than in sedentary subjects (38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts.

Gratama

Dalinghaus²,

Meuzelaar³

et al. 1992

J. Clin. Invest.

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A left-to-right shunt is accompanied by an increased plasma and blood volume. Since this is likely realized through renin/ aldosterone-mediated salt and water retention, other body fluid compartments may be changed too. Therefore, we studied blood volume and body fluid compartments by a single-injection, triple-indicator dilution technique in nine 8-wk-old lambs with an aortopulmonary left-to-right shunt (55±3% of left ventricular output; mean±SEM) and in 11 control lambs, 2.5 wk after surgery. Systemic blood flow was maintained at the same level as in control lambs, but the aortic pressure of the shunt lambs was lower. Blood volume in shunt lambs was larger than in control lambs (110±6 vs. 84±7 ml/kg, P < 0.001) through an increase in plasma volume, which correlated significantly with the magnitude of the left-to-right shunt (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Red blood cell volume was equal to that of control lambs. Evidence was obtained that the increase in plasma volume was induced by a transient increase in renin (8.0±2.2 vs.1.6±0.2 nmol * 1-1 * h-1; P < 0.02) and aldosterone (0.51±0.14 vs. 0.24±0.09 nmol/ liter) concentrations. Interstitial water volume, however, was not significantly different from that in control lambs. The amount of intravascular protein was significantly higher than in control lambs (5.0±03 vs. 3.5±0.2 g/kg body mass, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in intracellular and total body water volumes between the two groups. We conclude that the increased amount ofintravascular protein confines the fluid retained by the kidneys to the vascular compartment. (J. Clin. Invest. 1992. 90:1745-1752

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This specific increase in plasma volume in the shunt lambs is realized by an increased plasma protein mass, which keeps the retained water within the vascular compartment. Since 1 g of protein binds -15 ml of water (38), the 1.5 g/kg increase in intravascular protein mass matches the 22 ml/kg increase in plasma volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts.

Gratama

Dalinghaus²,

Meuzelaar³

et al. 1992

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Previous studies had not reported a positive correlation of the plasma volume increase from 3 to 34 hr post marathon with the runners' years of training. Rocker (19) showed that endurance-trained subjects possess in comparison to the untrained a 25% greater plasma volume, which functions as a dehydration reserve during tests of endurance. In conjunction with the hypothesis of Davidson (16) that hemodilution in the recovery phase is based on an activation of the renin-aldosterone system, this could mean that the rise in plasma volume in endurance-trained athletes is an adaptation response of this system together with a protein influx into the intravascular space (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neopterin, IgG, IgA, IgM, and Plasma Volume Changes During Long-distance Running

et al. 2002

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Prolonged physical exercise is associated with several immunological changes, e.g. increase in proinflammatory cytokines, changes in the white blood count etc. Great discrepancies exist with regard to the exercise-induced influence on serum immunoglobulin and neopterin values. One explanation could be the shifts in plasma volume (PV) during and after exercise which might influence plasma concentrations of these parameters. Therefore we investigated the consequences of a marathon race in a homogenous group of experienced runners on plasma volume shifts, serum Immunglobulin and neopterin concentrations. Plasma values with and without correction for plasma volume shifts were compared. PV was significantly diminished after the race (-8.4%) followed by a rise 34h after finish (+8.5%). Serum immunoglobulin IgG, IgA and IgM were increased within the first hours postmarathon and normalized in the recovery period. When chages in PV were considered, only IgA rose significantly. Serum neopterin remained unchanged after the marathon independently whether corrected for PV changes or not. We conclude that the increase in immunoglobulins in our study was mainly the consequence of plasma volume changes. Since neopterin was unchanged we have at least in our study no evidence for exercise-induced activation of the cellular immune system.

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“…Blood volume represents the sum of erythrocyte volume and plasma volume. Erythrocyte volume and plasma volume can change independently of one another to alter the blood volume [8,17,18,19,20,21]. With endurance training, plasma volume expansion can occur rapidly over several hours to days, whereas erythrocyte volume expansion usually occurs slowly over many weeks to months [5].…”

Section: Effects Of Exercise Training On the Erythrocytic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

Hu¹,

Wei²

2012

Acta Haematol

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Exercise training can increase total Hb and red cell mass, which enhances oxygen-carrying capacity. The possible underlying mechanisms are proposed to come mainly from bone marrow, including stimulated erythropoiesis with hyperplasia of the hematopoietic bone marrow, improvement of the hematopoietic microenvironment induced by exercise training, and hormone- and cytokine-accelerated erythropoiesis. Anemia is one of the most common medical conditions in chronic disease. The effects of exercise training on counteracting anemia have been explored and evaluated. The results of the research available to date are controversial, and it seems that significant methodological limitations exist. However, exercise training might be a promising, additional, safe and economical method to help improve anemia. There is a need for further investigation into the effects of and guidelines for exercise interventions (especially strength training) in this population of patients, particularly among cancer patients who are undergoing or have undergone chemotherapy or radiation treatments. As the available data are limited, additional research to uncover the underlying mechanisms associated with the effects of exercise training on anemia is clearly warranted.

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Plasma volume, albumin and globulin concentrations and their intravascular masses

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts.

Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts.

Neopterin, IgG, IgA, IgM, and Plasma Volume Changes During Long-distance Running

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

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