Plasmacytoma of the larynx: case report and literature review of laryngeal extra-medullary plasmacytoma

Abstract

Background Monoclonal plasma cell neoplasms are rare; laryngeal solitary plasmacytoma is very rare. Case presentation This is the case of a 46-year-old man who has been treated for chronic laryngitis for 8 months; he presented first with dysphonia, dyspnea, and dysphagia. The initial tests showed normal erythrocyte counts, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates, elevated CRP, and a thrombocytopenia at 40.000. The rest of the test panel was without incidence. Whole body MRI was performed which showed no additional lesion besides the laryngeal location. Bone marrow biopsy was normal. The patient underwent pan-endoscopy under general anesthesia. The biopsy result showed plasmacytoma. The patient had radiotherapy, after which the patient needed tracheotomy with a good outcome. This work presents a very rare case of laryngeal solitary plasmacytoma, with a literature review of differential diagnosis, as well as current trends in diagnosis, and therapy. Conclusion The essential take-home message is that however, this is a rare entity, it should be considered and treated as a malignant disease that could progress to diseases with worse diagnoses. Timely diagnosis and treatment can allow good outcomes and prevention of progression.

De Novo Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of Thyroid Cartilage

“…4 To the best of our knowledge, 165 cases of EMP involving the larynx have been reported in English, Indian, and Chinese literature. 5 These cases were showing mainly involvement of supraglottic, vocal cord, aryepiglottic folds, and subglottic part of the larynx. Nineteen cases of EMP involving only laryngeal cartilage-like epiglottis (12 cases), cricoid (4 cases), and arytenoids (3 cases) have also been reported (Table 1).…”

“…EMP of the larynx is extremely rare and constitutes 0.2% of laryngeal malignancies 4 . To the best of our knowledge, 165 cases of EMP involving the larynx have been reported in English, Indian, and Chinese literature 5 . These cases were showing mainly involvement of supraglottic, vocal cord, aryepiglottic folds, and subglottic part of the larynx.…”